What led to the development of agriculture around 10,000 B.C.E.?
A.People became tired of hunting
B.The transition from nomadic lifestyle to settled cultivation of land
C.Tools became more advanced
D.Population decreased significantly
What is the definition of a crop?
A.Any plant that grows in soil
B.Plants of the same kind cultivated at one place on a large scale
C.All vegetables grown in a garden
D.Wild plants that grow naturally
Which of the following are Kharif crops?
A.Wheat, gram, pea
B.Paddy, maize, cotton
C.Mustard, linseed, barley
D.All of the above
Why is paddy not grown in the winter season?
A.Winter is too cold for paddy
B.Paddy requires a lot of water, which is available during the rainy season
C.Soil is not suitable in winter
D.Seeds don't germinate in winter
What is the process of loosening and turning the soil called?
A.Harvesting
B.Sowing
C.Tilling or ploughing
D.Irrigation
Why does loosening of soil help roots breathe easily?
A.It provides more space for air circulation
B.It removes harmful gases
C.It increases soil temperature
D.It reduces water content
What is the main component of a traditional plough that cuts through the soil?
A.Ploughshaft
B.Ploughshare
C.Beam
D.Handle
In the seed viability test using water, what happens to damaged seeds?
A.They sink to the bottom
B.They float on top because they are lighter/hollow
C.They dissolve in water
D.They change color
What are the advantages of using a seed drill over traditional sowing methods?
A.Only saves time
B.Only ensures uniform spacing
C.Sows seeds uniformly, saves time and labor, and protects seeds from birds
D.Only protects from birds
What is manure?
A.A chemical fertilizer
B.An organic substance obtained from decomposition of plant or animal wastes
C.A type of pesticide
D.A soil additive that prevents weeds
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of manure over fertilizers?
A.Enhances water holding capacity
B.Makes soil porous
C.Provides immediate nutrient availability
D.Increases friendly microorganisms
What percentage of water do plants contain?
A.Nearly 70%
B.Nearly 80%
C.Nearly 90%
D.Nearly 95%
Why is irrigation frequency higher in summer?
A.Plants grow faster in summer
B.Due to increased rate of evaporation of water from soil and leaves
C.Summer crops need more water
D.Soil becomes harder in summer
Which irrigation method is most suitable for water-scarce regions?
A.Sprinkler system
B.Flood irrigation
C.Drip irrigation
D.Furrow irrigation
What are weeds?
A.Useful plants grown with crops
B.Undesirable plants growing naturally along with crop plants
C.Plants that help crop growth
D.Decorative plants in fields
When is the best time for removal of weeds?
A.After they produce seeds
B.Before they produce flowers and seeds
C.During flowering
D.Any time during crop growth
What safety precaution should farmers take when spraying weedicides?
A.Spray during rain
B.Cover nose and mouth with cloth
C.Spray during strong winds
D.Use maximum concentration
How long does it usually take for a cereal crop to mature?
A.1 to 2 months
B.2 to 3 months
C.3 to 4 months
D.5 to 6 months
What is threshing?
A.Cutting the mature crop
B.Separating grain seeds from chaff
C.Removing weeds from field
D.Watering the crops
What is a combine machine?
A.Only a harvester
B.Only a thresher
C.A machine that both harvests and threshes
D.A machine for sowing seeds
Why should harvested grains be dried before storage?
A.To reduce moisture and prevent attack by insects and microorganisms
B.To make them look better
C.To increase their weight
D.To change their color
What are silos and granaries used for?
A.Processing grains
B.Large-scale storage of grains
C.Grinding grains
D.Transporting grains
Why are dried neem leaves used in grain storage?
A.To add flavor to grains
B.To prevent pest attacks
C.To increase grain weight
D.To change grain color
What is animal husbandry?
A.Growing plants for animals
B.Rearing animals on a large scale for food production
C.Training animals for work
D.Studying animal behavior
Which of the following is NOT a basic practice of crop production?
A.Preparation of soil
B.Irrigation
C.Manufacturing fertilizers
D.Harvesting
What happens to soil nutrients when crops are grown continuously in the same field?
A.Nutrients increase
B.Nutrients remain the same
C.Soil becomes poor in nutrients
D.Nutrients become harmful
What is crop rotation and why is it beneficial?
A.Growing the same crop repeatedly for higher yield
B.Growing different crops alternately to replenish soil nutrients
C.Rotating crops around the field
D.Changing crop varieties each season
Which bacteria help in nitrogen fixation in leguminous plants?
A.E. coli
B.Rhizobium
C.Lactobacillus
D.Streptococcus
Why is appropriate distance between seeds necessary during sowing?
A.To make the field look organized
B.To avoid overcrowding and ensure adequate sunlight, nutrients, and water for each plant
C.To make harvesting easier
D.To prevent pest attacks
What is the difference between traditional and modern irrigation methods?
A.Traditional methods use more water
B.Modern methods are more expensive but water-efficient
C.Traditional methods are faster
D.There is no significant difference
What environmental problem is caused by burning crop stubble?
A.Soil erosion
B.Water pollution
C.Air pollution
D.Noise pollution
Which tool is traditionally used for harvesting crops manually?
A.Plough
B.Sickle
C.Hoe
D.Cultivator
Why do some plants need to be grown in a nursery first?
A.They are too small to plant directly
B.To protect them from weather and pests during early growth
C.They need special soil
D.To save seeds
What is the main advantage of using a cultivator over a traditional plough?
A.It's cheaper
B.It saves labor and time
C.It's more decorative
D.It uses less fuel
What is winnowing?
A.Planting seeds in rows
B.Separating grain from chaff using wind
C.Watering crops
D.Removing weeds
How do earthworms help farmers?
A.They eat harmful insects
B.They turn and loosen the soil and add humus to it
C.They produce fertilizers
D.They control weeds
What happens if fertilizers are used excessively?
A.Crops grow better
B.Soil becomes more fertile
C.Soil becomes less fertile and causes water pollution
D.Nothing significant happens
Which festival is associated with harvest season in India?
A.Diwali, Pongal, Baisakhi
B.Only Diwali
C.Only religious festivals
D.No specific festivals
Why is food security important for a country?
A.To reduce population
B.To ensure regular food supply for the growing population
C.To increase exports only
D.To compete with other countries
What is the primary reason for leveling the field after ploughing?
A.To make it look neat
B.To benefit sowing and irrigation
C.To remove all plants
D.To compact the soil
Which crop would be most suitable for a region with very high rainfall during June to September?
A.Wheat
B.Paddy
C.Mustard
D.Gram
How does drip irrigation help in weed control?
A.It kills weeds with chemicals
B.Water is delivered only to crop plants, not to areas where weeds might grow
C.It makes soil too wet for weeds
D.It physically removes weeds
What role does technology play in modern agriculture?
A.It makes farming more difficult
B.It increases efficiency, reduces labor, and improves crop yield
C.It only increases costs
D.It has no significant impact
How does proper storage prevent post-harvest losses?
A.By increasing grain weight
B.By protecting grains from moisture, insects, rats, and microorganisms
C.By changing grain color
D.By making grains taste better
Why is understanding agricultural practices important for students?
A.Only for those who want to become farmers
B.To understand food production, environmental impact, and make informed decisions as consumers
C.It's not important for students
D.Only for rural students