What led to the development of agriculture around 10,000 B.C.E.?
A.People became tired of hunting
B.The transition from nomadic lifestyle to settled cultivation of land
C.Tools became more advanced
D.Population decreased significantly
What is the definition of a crop?
A.Any plant that grows in soil
B.Plants of the same kind cultivated at one place on a large scale
C.All vegetables grown in a garden
D.Wild plants that grow naturally
Which of the following are Kharif crops?
A.Wheat, gram, pea
B.Paddy, maize, cotton
C.Mustard, linseed, barley
D.All of the above
Why is paddy not grown in the winter season?
A.Winter is too cold for paddy
B.Paddy requires a lot of water, which is available during the rainy season
C.Soil is not suitable in winter
D.Seeds don't germinate in winter
What is the process of loosening and turning the soil called?
A.Harvesting
B.Sowing
C.Tilling or ploughing
D.Irrigation
Why does loosening of soil help roots breathe easily?
A.It provides more space for air circulation
B.It removes harmful gases
C.It increases soil temperature
D.It reduces water content
What is the main component of a traditional plough that cuts through the soil?
A.Ploughshaft
B.Ploughshare
C.Beam
D.Handle
In the seed viability test using water, what happens to damaged seeds?
A.They sink to the bottom
B.They float on top because they are lighter/hollow
C.They dissolve in water
D.They change color
What are the advantages of using a seed drill over traditional sowing methods?
A.Only saves time
B.Only ensures uniform spacing
C.Sows seeds uniformly, saves time and labor, and protects seeds from birds
D.Only protects from birds
What is manure?
A.A chemical fertilizer
B.An organic substance obtained from decomposition of plant or animal wastes
C.A type of pesticide
D.A soil additive that prevents weeds
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of manure over fertilizers?
A.Enhances water holding capacity
B.Makes soil porous
C.Provides immediate nutrient availability
D.Increases friendly microorganisms
What percentage of water do plants contain?
A.Nearly 70%
B.Nearly 80%
C.Nearly 90%
D.Nearly 95%
Why is irrigation frequency higher in summer?
A.Plants grow faster in summer
B.Due to increased rate of evaporation of water from soil and leaves
C.Summer crops need more water
D.Soil becomes harder in summer
Which irrigation method is most suitable for water-scarce regions?
A.Sprinkler system
B.Flood irrigation
C.Drip irrigation
D.Furrow irrigation
What are weeds?
A.Useful plants grown with crops
B.Undesirable plants growing naturally along with crop plants
C.Plants that help crop growth
D.Decorative plants in fields
When is the best time for removal of weeds?
A.After they produce seeds
B.Before they produce flowers and seeds
C.During flowering
D.Any time during crop growth
What safety precaution should farmers take when spraying weedicides?
A.Spray during rain
B.Cover nose and mouth with cloth
C.Spray during strong winds
D.Use maximum concentration
How long does it usually take for a cereal crop to mature?
A.1 to 2 months
B.2 to 3 months
C.3 to 4 months
D.5 to 6 months
What is threshing?
A.Cutting the mature crop
B.Separating grain seeds from chaff
C.Removing weeds from field
D.Watering the crops
What is a combine machine?
A.Only a harvester
B.Only a thresher
C.A machine that both harvests and threshes
D.A machine for sowing seeds
Why should harvested grains be dried before storage?
A.To reduce moisture and prevent attack by insects and microorganisms
B.To make them look better
C.To increase their weight
D.To change their color
What are silos and granaries used for?
A.Processing grains
B.Large-scale storage of grains
C.Grinding grains
D.Transporting grains
Why are dried neem leaves used in grain storage?
A.To add flavor to grains
B.To prevent pest attacks
C.To increase grain weight
D.To change grain color
What is animal husbandry?
A.Growing plants for animals
B.Rearing animals on a large scale for food production
C.Training animals for work
D.Studying animal behavior
Which of the following is NOT a basic practice of crop production?
A.Preparation of soil
B.Irrigation
C.Manufacturing fertilizers
D.Harvesting
What happens to soil nutrients when crops are grown continuously in the same field?
A.Nutrients increase
B.Nutrients remain the same
C.Soil becomes poor in nutrients
D.Nutrients become harmful
What is crop rotation and why is it beneficial?
A.Growing the same crop repeatedly for higher yield
B.Growing different crops alternately to replenish soil nutrients
C.Rotating crops around the field
D.Changing crop varieties each season
Which bacteria help in nitrogen fixation in leguminous plants?
A.E. coli
B.Rhizobium
C.Lactobacillus
D.Streptococcus
Why is appropriate distance between seeds necessary during sowing?
A.To make the field look organized
B.To avoid overcrowding and ensure adequate sunlight, nutrients, and water for each plant
C.To make harvesting easier
D.To prevent pest attacks
What is the difference between traditional and modern irrigation methods?
A.Traditional methods use more water
B.Modern methods are more expensive but water-efficient
C.Traditional methods are faster
D.There is no significant difference
What environmental problem is caused by burning crop stubble?
A.Soil erosion
B.Water pollution
C.Air pollution
D.Noise pollution
Which tool is traditionally used for harvesting crops manually?
A.Plough
B.Sickle
C.Hoe
D.Cultivator
Why do some plants need to be grown in a nursery first?
A.They are too small to plant directly
B.To protect them from weather and pests during early growth
C.They need special soil
D.To save seeds
What is the main advantage of using a cultivator over a traditional plough?
A.It's cheaper
B.It saves labor and time
C.It's more decorative
D.It uses less fuel
What is winnowing?
A.Planting seeds in rows
B.Separating grain from chaff using wind
C.Watering crops
D.Removing weeds
How do earthworms help farmers?
A.They eat harmful insects
B.They turn and loosen the soil and add humus to it
C.They produce fertilizers
D.They control weeds
What happens if fertilizers are used excessively?
A.Crops grow better
B.Soil becomes more fertile
C.Soil becomes less fertile and causes water pollution
D.Nothing significant happens
Which festival is associated with harvest season in India?
A.Diwali, Pongal, Baisakhi
B.Only Diwali
C.Only religious festivals
D.No specific festivals
Why is food security important for a country?
A.To reduce population
B.To ensure regular food supply for the growing population
C.To increase exports only
D.To compete with other countries
What is the primary reason for leveling the field after ploughing?
A.To make it look neat
B.To benefit sowing and irrigation
C.To remove all plants
D.To compact the soil
Which crop would be most suitable for a region with very high rainfall during June to September?
A.Wheat
B.Paddy
C.Mustard
D.Gram
How does drip irrigation help in weed control?
A.It kills weeds with chemicals
B.Water is delivered only to crop plants, not to areas where weeds might grow
C.It makes soil too wet for weeds
D.It physically removes weeds
What role does technology play in modern agriculture?
A.It makes farming more difficult
B.It increases efficiency, reduces labor, and improves crop yield
C.It only increases costs
D.It has no significant impact
How does proper storage prevent post-harvest losses?
A.By increasing grain weight
B.By protecting grains from moisture, insects, rats, and microorganisms
C.By changing grain color
D.By making grains taste better
Why is understanding agricultural practices important for students?
A.Only for those who want to become farmers
B.To understand food production, environmental impact, and make informed decisions as consumers
C.It's not important for students
D.Only for rural students
What are microorganisms?
A.Large animals that live in water
B.Plants that grow in soil
C.Tiny living organisms that cannot be seen with naked eye
D.Insects that live underground
Which of the following is NOT a major group of microorganisms?
A.Bacteria
B.Fungi
C.Mammals
D.Protozoa
What makes viruses different from other microorganisms?
A.They are larger in size
B.They can only reproduce inside host cells
C.They live only in water
D.They are visible to naked eye
Which bacterium is responsible for converting milk into curd?
A.Rhizobium
B.Lactobacillus
C.Streptomycin
D.E. coli
Why does bread dough rise when yeast is added?
A.Yeast makes the dough warm
B.Yeast produces carbon dioxide gas during respiration
C.Yeast adds water to the dough
D.Yeast makes the dough sweet
What is fermentation?
A.Conversion of sugar into alcohol
B.Conversion of milk into water
C.Conversion of bread into cake
D.Conversion of oil into vinegar
Who discovered penicillin and in which year?
A.Louis Pasteur in 1857
B.Alexander Fleming in 1929
C.Edward Jenner in 1798
D.Robert Koch in 1876
What are antibiotics?
A.Medicines that cure all diseases
B.Medicines that kill or stop growth of disease-causing microorganisms
C.Vitamins that make us stronger
D.Medicines that prevent aging
Why should antibiotics be taken only on doctor's advice?
A.They are expensive
B.Wrong use can make them less effective and kill beneficial bacteria
C.They taste bad
D.They cause immediate side effects
How does a vaccine work?
A.It kills all germs in the body
B.It introduces dead or weakened microbes to help body build immunity
C.It makes the body stronger
D.It provides instant cure for diseases
Which microorganism lives in root nodules of leguminous plants?
A.Lactobacillus
B.Rhizobium
C.Yeast
D.Penicillium
What percentage of Earth's atmosphere is nitrogen?
Why is nitrogen fixation important?
A.Plants cannot use atmospheric nitrogen directly
B.It makes the air cleaner
C.It produces oxygen
D.It prevents pollution
What are communicable diseases?
A.Diseases that cannot be cured
B.Diseases that spread from infected to healthy person
C.Diseases that affect only animals
D.Diseases that occur due to accidents
Which mosquito carries the malaria parasite?
A.Male Anopheles mosquito
B.Female Anopheles mosquito
C.Female Aedes mosquito
D.Male Aedes mosquito
How can we prevent mosquito-borne diseases?
A.By using more antibiotics
B.By preventing water collection where mosquitoes breed
C.By staying indoors always
D.By eating more vitamins
What causes food poisoning?
A.Eating too much food
B.Microorganisms that produce toxic substances in food
C.Eating spicy food
D.Eating cold food
Why does common salt help preserve food?
A.It makes food taste better
B.It draws out moisture and prevents bacterial growth
C.It adds nutrients to food
D.It makes food look more attractive
What is pasteurization?
A.Adding preservatives to milk
B.Heating milk to 70°C for 15-30 seconds then cooling rapidly
C.Boiling milk for one hour
D.Freezing milk to kill germs
Who discovered pasteurization?
A.Alexander Fleming
B.Edward Jenner
C.Louis Pasteur
D.Robert Koch
Why do we keep food in the refrigerator?
A.To make it taste better
B.Low temperature inhibits growth of microbes
C.To make it look fresh
D.To save space
What are preservatives?
A.Chemicals that improve food taste
B.Chemicals that prevent growth of microorganisms in food
C.Chemicals that add color to food
D.Chemicals that increase food nutrients
How do microorganisms help clean the environment?
A.They eat plastic waste
B.They decompose dead organic matter into simple substances
C.They produce oxygen
D.They absorb pollution from air
Which of the following materials will NOT decompose in soil?
A.Vegetable peels
B.Leaves
C.Plastic bags
D.Fruit waste
What disease does the bacterium Bacillus anthracis cause?
A.Tuberculosis
B.Anthrax
C.Cholera
D.Malaria
What type of organism causes malaria?
A.Bacteria
B.Virus
C.Protozoa
D.Fungi
Why are antibiotics not effective against cold and flu?
A.Cold and flu are too serious
B.Cold and flu are caused by viruses, not bacteria
C.Antibiotics are too weak
D.Cold and flu affect only children
What happens during the nitrogen cycle?
A.Nitrogen is completely removed from atmosphere
B.Nitrogen moves between atmosphere, soil, and living organisms
C.Nitrogen is converted to oxygen
D.Nitrogen disappears from Earth
Why do jams and jellies not spoil quickly?
A.They contain no water
B.High sugar content prevents bacterial growth
C.They are always kept frozen
D.They contain natural antibiotics
What is the main difference between beneficial and harmful microorganisms?
A.Size difference
B.Color difference
C.Beneficial ones help us while harmful ones cause diseases
D.Location where they live
Why should we cover our food?
A.To keep it warm
B.To prevent flies from contaminating food with pathogens
C.To make it look better
D.To prevent it from drying
What is the symbiotic relationship between Rhizobium and leguminous plants?
A.Rhizobium harms the plant
B.Both benefit: plant gets nitrogen, bacteria gets shelter and food
C.Only the plant benefits
D.Only the bacteria benefits
How do vaccines provide long-term protection?
A.They kill all germs permanently
B.Body remembers how to fight the microbe and produces antibodies when needed
C.They make the body immune to all diseases
D.They strengthen the body permanently
What would happen if all decomposer microorganisms disappeared?
A.Nothing would change
B.Dead organic matter would accumulate and nutrients wouldn't be recycled
C.All plants would grow better
D.The air would become cleaner
Why is it important to complete the full course of antibiotics?
A.To avoid waste
B.To ensure all harmful bacteria are killed and prevent antibiotic resistance
C.To make the medicine more effective
D.To avoid side effects
How do blue-green algae help in agriculture?
A.They produce oxygen
B.They fix atmospheric nitrogen and increase soil fertility
C.They produce food
D.They prevent plant diseases
What makes packaged milk safe to drink without boiling?
A.It contains preservatives
B.It has been pasteurized to kill harmful microbes
C.It is kept in sealed containers
D.It has been filtered
Why can microorganisms survive in extreme conditions?
A.They are very large
B.They have simple structure and can adapt quickly
C.They don't need food
D.They don't need oxygen
How does oil and vinegar preserve pickles?
A.They add flavor
B.They create acidic conditions where bacteria cannot survive
C.They add nutrients
D.They make pickles colorful
What is the role of microorganisms in sewage treatment?
A.They make sewage smell better
B.They break down organic pollutants and clean water
C.They add chemicals to water
D.They remove all water
Why do we add a small amount of curd to warm milk to make more curd?
A.To make it taste better
B.Curd contains Lactobacillus bacteria that multiply and convert milk
C.To make it thicker
D.To change its color
What happens to the nitrogen percentage in atmosphere over time?
A.It keeps increasing
B.It keeps decreasing
C.It remains more or less constant due to nitrogen cycle
D.It varies randomly
How do microorganisms in soil help farmers?
A.They eat harmful insects
B.They decompose organic waste into nutrient-rich manure
C.They prevent soil erosion
D.They produce seeds
What precautions should be taken to prevent water-borne diseases?
A.Drink only cold water
B.Drink boiled or properly treated water
C.Drink water only in the morning
D.Add sugar to water
Why is vaccination important for children?
A.It makes them grow faster
B.It protects them from serious diseases by building immunity
C.It makes them stronger
D.It improves their appetite
How do microorganisms contribute to the carbon cycle?
A.They produce carbon dioxide during decomposition
B.They absorb carbon from air
C.They convert carbon to nitrogen
D.They store carbon permanently
What is the difference between sterilization and pasteurization?
A.No difference, they are the same
B.Sterilization kills all microorganisms, pasteurization kills only harmful ones
C.Sterilization is for liquids, pasteurization for solids
D.Sterilization is faster than pasteurization
How do modern food preservation techniques help society?
A.They make food more expensive
B.They allow food to be stored longer and transported safely
C.They change food taste
D.They make food preparation faster
What lesson does studying microorganisms teach us about invisible threats and benefits in our environment?
A.Only visible things matter
B.Small, invisible organisms can have huge impacts on our lives and environment
C.Microorganisms are not important
D.Only harmful microorganisms exist
Which of the following is an example of an inexhaustible natural resource?
A.Coal
B.Petroleum
C.Sunlight
D.Natural gas
What is the process of formation of coal from dead vegetation called?
A.Fossilization
B.Carbonisation
C.Decomposition
D.Crystallization
How long ago did the formation of coal begin?
A.About 100 million years ago
B.About 200 million years ago
C.About 300 million years ago
D.About 500 million years ago
What is coke?
A.A liquid fuel
B.A tough, porous, black substance that is almost pure carbon
C.A gas produced from coal
D.A type of petroleum product
Coal tar is a mixture of approximately how many substances?
A.50 substances
B.100 substances
C.200 substances
D.500 substances
What does the word 'petroleum' mean?
A.Rock water
B.Rock oil
C.Black gold
D.Earth fuel
From what type of organisms was petroleum formed?
A.Land plants
B.Forest animals
C.Marine organisms
D.Desert organisms
Where was the world's first oil well drilled?
A.Assam, India
B.Pennsylvania, USA
C.Texas, USA
D.Saudi Arabia
What is the process of separating various constituents of petroleum called?
A.Distillation
B.Refining
C.Purification
D.Extraction
Which petroleum product is used for surfacing roads?
A.Petrol
B.Kerosene
C.Bitumen
D.Diesel
What does CNG stand for?
A.Compressed Natural Gas
B.Clean Natural Gas
C.Concentrated Natural Gas
D.Commercial Natural Gas
Why is petroleum also called 'black gold'?
A.Because it is black in color
B.Because it is found underground like gold
C.Because of its great commercial importance
D.Because it is rare like gold
Which Indian states have natural gas reserves?
A.Punjab, Haryana, UP
B.Tripura, Rajasthan, Maharashtra
C.Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka
D.West Bengal, Odisha, Jharkhand
What are petrochemicals?
A.Chemicals used to extract petroleum
B.Chemicals used to refine petroleum
C.Useful substances obtained from petroleum and natural gas
D.Chemicals used to clean petroleum spills
Why are fossil fuels called exhaustible resources?
A.Because they can be used only once
B.Because they took millions of years to form and will be depleted by human use
C.Because they are expensive
D.Because they cause pollution
Coal gas was first used for street lighting in which city?
A.Paris
B.London
C.New York
D.Berlin
What is the main advantage of CNG as a fuel?
A.It is cheaper than petrol
B.It is less polluting than petrol and diesel
C.It is easier to store
D.It provides more power
Which gas is produced when coal burns in air?
A.Oxygen
B.Nitrogen
C.Carbon dioxide
D.Hydrogen
Why is oil found above water in petroleum deposits?
A.Oil is formed after water
B.Oil is lighter than water and doesn't mix with it
C.Oil pushes water down
D.Water evaporates leaving oil behind
What is PCRA?
A.Petroleum Conservation Research Association
B.Petroleum Chemical Research Agency
C.Public Coal Research Authority
D.Private Chemical Refinery Association
Which of the following is NOT a tip given by PCRA for fuel conservation?
A.Drive at constant and moderate speed
B.Switch off engine at traffic lights
C.Ensure correct tire pressure
D.Use air conditioning continuously
Can fossil fuels be prepared in laboratory from dead organisms?
A.Yes, easily with modern technology
B.Yes, but it takes a long time
C.No, because the formation process is very slow and conditions cannot be created in lab
D.No, because we don't know the process
What type of environment existed 300 million years ago that led to coal formation?
A.Hot deserts
B.Dense forests in low-lying wetland areas
C.High mountains
D.Deep ocean floors
What happens to vegetation during carbonisation?
A.It turns into water
B.It gets converted to coal under high pressure and temperature
C.It becomes petroleum
D.It completely disappears
Which synthetic materials are made from petrochemicals?
A.Cotton and silk
B.Polyester, nylon, and acrylic
C.Wool and jute
D.Leather and fur
Why is burning fossil fuels linked to global warming?
A.It produces heat energy
B.It releases carbon dioxide which traps heat in atmosphere
C.It uses up oxygen from air
D.It produces steam
What products are obtained from coal tar?
A.Only dyes and perfumes
B.Synthetic dyes, drugs, explosives, perfumes, plastics, paints
C.Only medicines
D.Only plastics and paints
How are naphthalene balls related to coal?
A.They are made from coal directly
B.They are obtained from coal tar
C.They are used to mine coal
D.They have no relation to coal
What is the main component of natural gas?
A.Carbon dioxide
B.Methane
C.Hydrogen
D.Oxygen
Why is it important to switch off engines at traffic lights?
A.To reduce noise pollution
B.To save fuel and reduce emissions
C.To prevent engine overheating
D.To follow traffic rules
What conditions are required for petroleum formation?
A.High oxygen and low pressure
B.Absence of air, high temperature, and high pressure
C.Low temperature and high oxygen
D.Presence of sunlight and air
Which is the cleanest fossil fuel among the three?
A.Coal
B.Petroleum
C.Natural gas
D.All are equally clean
What happens when known reserves of fossil fuels are exhausted?
A.New reserves will form immediately
B.We will have to rely on alternative energy sources
C.They can be artificially created
D.Nothing will change
How can regular vehicle maintenance help in fuel conservation?
A.It makes the vehicle look better
B.It ensures optimal engine performance and fuel efficiency
C.It increases vehicle speed
D.It reduces traffic violations
What is the significance of the activity with eatables representing fossil fuels?
A.It shows how to share food
B.It demonstrates how growing population affects resource availability
C.It teaches about different foods
D.It shows cooking methods
Why can't we create fossil fuels artificially in a short time?
A.We lack the technology
B.The natural process takes millions of years under specific geological conditions
C.It's too expensive
D.We don't have the raw materials
How does tire pressure affect fuel consumption?
A.Higher pressure always saves fuel
B.Correct tire pressure reduces rolling resistance and improves fuel efficiency
C.Tire pressure has no effect on fuel consumption
D.Lower pressure saves more fuel
What role does coke play in steel manufacturing?
A.It provides color to steel
B.It acts as a reducing agent to remove impurities
C.It cools down the steel
D.It adds strength to steel
Why is pipeline transportation advantageous for natural gas?
A.It's cheaper than road transport
B.Gas can be easily transported through pipes and distributed directly to consumers
C.It's safer than other methods
D.It requires less maintenance
What is the long-term solution to the fossil fuel depletion problem?
A.Finding more fossil fuel reserves
B.Using fossil fuels more efficiently
C.Developing and using renewable energy sources
D.Reducing population
How do fossil fuels contribute to air pollution?
A.They absorb oxygen from air
B.They release harmful gases like carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and particulates when burned
C.They produce too much heat
D.They create dust particles
What lesson about resource management can we learn from studying fossil fuels?
A.All resources are unlimited
B.We should use resources wisely as they took millions of years to form but can be depleted quickly
C.Only worry about resources when they run out
D.Technology will solve all resource problems
How do the three generations in the activity represent real-world resource consumption?
A.They show different age groups
B.They represent how increasing population consumes limited resources faster
C.They show different income levels
D.They represent different countries
Why is understanding fossil fuels important for environmental awareness?
A.To know where to find them
B.To understand their impact on climate change and the need for sustainable alternatives
C.To use them more efficiently
D.To become a petroleum engineer
What is combustion?
A.A physical process of melting
B.A chemical process in which a substance reacts with oxygen to give off heat
C.A process of cooling substances
D.A process of mixing substances
What are the three essential requirements for combustion?
A.Fuel, water, and heat
B.Fuel, air (oxygen), and heat
C.Fuel, carbon dioxide, and heat
D.Fuel, nitrogen, and light
What is ignition temperature?
A.The temperature at which a substance melts
B.The temperature at which a substance boils
C.The lowest temperature at which a substance catches fire
D.The highest temperature a substance can reach
Why doesn't a paper cup with water burn when heated?
A.Paper is not combustible
B.Water prevents oxygen from reaching the paper
C.Heat is absorbed by water, keeping paper below its ignition temperature
D.Water makes paper non-flammable
Which of the following is an inflammable substance?
A.Water
B.Stone
C.Petrol
D.Iron
Why is water not suitable for extinguishing electrical fires?
A.Water is too heavy
B.Water may conduct electricity and harm people trying to douse the fire
C.Water makes electrical fires worse
D.Water evaporates too quickly
How does carbon dioxide help in controlling fires?
A.It cools down the fire
B.It is heavier than oxygen and covers fire like a blanket, cutting off oxygen supply
C.It reacts with fuel to stop burning
D.It absorbs heat from the fire
What type of combustion occurs when gas burns on a stove?
A.Spontaneous combustion
B.Rapid combustion
C.Explosion
D.Slow combustion
What is spontaneous combustion?
A.Combustion that requires a matchstick
B.Combustion in which material suddenly bursts into flames without any apparent external cause
C.Combustion that produces a lot of smoke
D.Combustion that occurs under water
Which zone of a candle flame is the hottest?
A.Dark innermost zone
B.Yellow luminous zone
C.Blue outermost zone
D.All zones have same temperature
Why do substances that vaporize during burning produce flames?
A.Vapors are always hot
B.Vapors can burn in gaseous form, producing visible flame
C.Vapors are lighter than air
D.Vapors contain more oxygen
What does the black deposit on a glass plate held in the yellow zone of a flame indicate?
A.Complete combustion
B.Presence of unburnt carbon particles
C.Presence of oxygen
D.High temperature
What is calorific value?
A.The temperature at which fuel burns
B.The amount of heat energy produced on complete combustion of 1 kg of fuel
C.The time taken for fuel to burn completely
D.The amount of smoke produced by fuel
Which fuel has the highest calorific value?
A.Coal
B.Wood
C.Hydrogen
D.LPG
What is the main cause of global warming related to combustion?
A.Production of water vapor
B.Production of carbon dioxide
C.Production of nitrogen
D.Production of heat
What is acid rain and how is it formed?
A.Rain mixed with acids from laboratories
B.Rain that becomes acidic when oxides of sulfur and nitrogen dissolve in it
C.Rain that falls in acidic regions
D.Rain that is naturally acidic
Why is carbon monoxide dangerous?
A.It causes acid rain
B.It is a very poisonous gas produced by incomplete combustion
C.It causes global warming
D.It is flammable
Why is CNG considered a cleaner fuel?
A.It is cheaper than petrol
B.It produces harmful products in very small amounts
C.It burns faster than other fuels
D.It has a pleasant smell
What safety precaution should be taken when burning coal in a room?
A.Keep windows closed
B.Never burn coal in a closed room due to carbon monoxide production
C.Use only small amounts of coal
D.Keep a bucket of water nearby
What happens when a burning cloth is covered with a blanket?
A.Fire spreads to the blanket
B.Fire is extinguished by cutting off oxygen supply
C.Fire burns more intensely
D.Blanket catches fire immediately
Which part of the matchstick contains white phosphorus in old-style matches?
A.The wooden stick
B.The head of the match
C.The striking surface
D.White phosphorus was never used
Why do modern safety matches use red phosphorus instead of white phosphorus?
A.Red phosphorus is cheaper
B.Red phosphorus is much less dangerous than white phosphorus
C.Red phosphorus burns better
D.Red phosphorus is more available
What causes the explosion in firecrackers?
A.Slow release of gases
B.Sudden reaction producing heat, light, sound and large amount of gas
C.Chemical mixing
D.Heat production only
Why doesn't charcoal produce a flame when it burns?
A.Charcoal doesn't burn properly
B.Charcoal does not vaporize during burning
C.Charcoal burns too slowly
D.Charcoal doesn't get hot enough
What makes LPG a good domestic fuel?
A.It is the cheapest fuel
B.It burns easily, has high calorific value, and is easy to control
C.It is available everywhere
D.It never runs out
What happens to polar ice caps due to global warming?
A.They become thicker
B.They melt, causing rise in sea level and coastal flooding
C.They move to different locations
D.Nothing significant happens
Why do we get unburnt carbon particles in incomplete combustion?
A.There is too much fuel
B.There is insufficient oxygen for complete burning
C.Temperature is too low
D.Fuel is of poor quality
How does deforestation relate to fuel use?
A.Cutting trees for wood fuel leads to deforestation
B.Deforestation has no relation to fuels
C.Deforestation produces more fuel
D.Trees grow back immediately
What is the advantage of using a glass tube in the dark zone of a flame?
A.It cools the flame
B.It proves that unburnt vapors are present in the dark zone
C.It makes the flame brighter
D.It increases the flame temperature
Why is hydrogen considered an excellent fuel despite safety concerns?
A.It is very cheap
B.It has extremely high calorific value (150,000 kJ/kg)
C.It is available everywhere
D.It burns very slowly
What precaution should be taken while leaving a forest after a picnic?
A.Take all garbage with you
B.Completely extinguish all campfires
C.Plant new trees
D.Feed the animals
What is the role of air/oxygen in the fire triangle?
A.It provides fuel for burning
B.It supports combustion by reacting with fuel
C.It cools down the fire
D.It provides light to the fire
How does burning fossil fuels contribute to acid rain?
A.Fossil fuels contain acids
B.Burning releases sulfur and nitrogen oxides which form acids in rainwater
C.Fossil fuels make clouds acidic
D.Fossil fuels change the pH of air
Why can't water be used to extinguish oil fires?
A.Water makes oil burn faster
B.Water is heavier than oil and sinks below it, so oil continues burning on top
C.Water and oil react dangerously
D.Water evaporates too quickly
What causes the yellow color in the luminous zone of a flame?
A.Complete combustion
B.Glowing of hot unburnt carbon particles
C.Presence of oxygen
D.High temperature
How do fire extinguishers containing baking soda work?
A.Baking soda cools the fire
B.Baking soda releases CO₂ which cuts off oxygen supply
C.Baking soda absorbs heat
D.Baking soda neutralizes the fire
What makes an ideal fuel?
A.Only high calorific value
B.Readily available, cheap, burns easily, high calorific value, and produces no harmful substances
C.Only being cheap and available
D.Only burning easily
Why do green leaves not burn easily but dry leaves catch fire quickly?
A.Green leaves are non-combustible
B.Green leaves contain moisture which needs to be evaporated first
C.Green leaves have higher ignition temperature
D.Green leaves don't contain carbon
How does the calorific value help in choosing fuels?
A.Higher calorific value means more heat per kg, making fuel more efficient
B.Lower calorific value is always better
C.Calorific value doesn't matter
D.Only the cost matters
What long-term environmental solution can reduce combustion-related pollution?
A.Using more coal
B.Transitioning to renewable energy sources like solar and wind
C.Burning fuels more slowly
D.Using only liquid fuels
Why is understanding combustion important for environmental protection?
A.It helps us burn more efficiently
B.It helps us understand pollution sources and develop cleaner alternatives
C.It makes fuels cheaper
D.It helps us find more fuel
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of sexual reproduction?
A.Involves two parents
B.Produces genetically identical offspring
C.Involves fusion of gametes
D.Results in genetic variation
What is the main function of the tail in a sperm cell?
A.To store genetic material
B.To provide energy
C.To enable swimming movement
D.To protect the nucleus
Where does fertilization typically occur in humans?
A.In the ovary
B.In the uterus
C.In the oviduct (fallopian tube)
D.In the vagina
Why do fish and frogs lay hundreds of eggs?
A.They have more space in water
B.To ensure at least some eggs survive and develop
C.They cannot count their eggs
D.Water makes them produce more eggs
What is IVF commonly known as?
A.Internal fertilization
B.Test tube baby technique
C.Natural fertilization
D.Cloning
What is the correct sequence of early embryonic development?
A.Zygote → Foetus → Embryo → Baby
B.Embryo → Zygote → Foetus → Baby
C.Zygote → Embryo → Foetus → Baby
D.Foetus → Embryo → Zygote → Baby
Which animals are viviparous?
A.Animals that lay eggs
B.Animals that give birth to live young ones
C.Animals that undergo metamorphosis
D.Animals that reproduce asexually
What type of fertilization occurs in frogs?
A.Internal fertilization
B.External fertilization
C.Both internal and external
D.No fertilization needed
What is metamorphosis?
A.Change in diet of an animal
B.Transformation from larva to adult through drastic changes
C.Movement from water to land
D.Process of laying eggs
How does binary fission occur in amoeba?
A.Parent divides into four cells
B.Parent produces buds
C.Parent divides into two equal parts
D.Parent lays eggs
Where are sperms produced in the male reproductive system?
A.Penis
B.Sperm ducts
C.Testes
D.Prostate gland
What provides energy for sperm movement?
A.The head of the sperm
B.The tail of the sperm
C.Mitochondria in the middle piece
D.The egg cell
Why is the egg cell much larger than the sperm cell?
A.To swim faster
B.To store nutrients for early development
C.To produce more eggs
D.To attract more sperms
Which part of the female reproductive system is the site of embryo development?
A.Ovary
B.Oviduct
C.Uterus
D.Vagina
What happens to a tadpole during metamorphosis?
A.It grows wings
B.It develops legs and lungs while losing its tail
C.It becomes a fish
D.It starts laying eggs
How are identical twins formed?
A.Two eggs fertilized by two sperms
B.One fertilized egg splits into two
C.Two eggs fertilized by one sperm
D.External fertilization
What is the advantage of internal fertilization over external fertilization?
A.More eggs are produced
B.Higher chance of successful fertilization
C.Faster development
D.Less energy required
Which statement about oviparous animals is correct?
A.They give birth to live young
B.Development occurs inside the mother
C.They lay eggs that develop outside the body
D.They only reproduce asexually
In budding, what happens to the offspring?
A.It remains permanently attached to parent
B.It develops from an outgrowth and eventually separates
C.It forms inside the parent
D.It develops from broken pieces
What was unique about Dolly the sheep?
A.First animal to reproduce asexually
B.First mammal cloned from an adult cell
C.First sheep to live in a laboratory
D.First animal born through IVF
Why do animals that undergo external fertilization produce more gametes?
A.They have more reproductive organs
B.To compensate for losses due to predation and environmental factors
C.They live longer
D.Water makes them produce more
What is the main difference between embryo and foetus?
A.Embryo is larger than foetus
B.Foetus has identifiable body parts while embryo doesn't
C.Embryo comes after foetus
D.There is no difference
Which process does NOT occur in asexual reproduction?
A.Cell division
B.Growth
C.Fusion of gametes
D.Formation of new individuals
What is the jelly-like coating around frog eggs for?
A.Nutrition for developing embryo
B.Protection and keeping eggs together
C.Helping eggs float
D.Attracting sperms
In which type of animals does the embryo develop inside an egg with a hard shell?
A.Fish
B.Frogs
C.Birds
D.Hydra
What determines whether a bee egg develops into a queen, worker, or drone?
A.Temperature of the hive
B.Size of the egg
C.Whether the egg is fertilized and the diet provided
D.Time of year
Why can't humans reproduce asexually like hydra?
A.Humans are too large
B.Humans have complex body organization requiring sexual reproduction
C.Humans live on land
D.Humans don't have tentacles
What is the role of the nucleus in fertilization?
A.It provides energy
B.It contains genetic material that fuses during fertilization
C.It helps the sperm swim
D.It breaks down the egg wall
Which statement about test tube babies is correct?
A.They develop entirely in test tubes
B.Only fertilization occurs outside the body
C.They are genetically modified
D.They cannot reproduce naturally
How many parents are involved in binary fission?
What adaptation helps sperm cells move through liquid?
A.Large size
B.Round shape
C.Tail for swimming
D.Multiple nuclei
During which stage can you identify the gender of a human baby?
A.Zygote stage
B.Early embryo stage
C.Foetus stage
D.Only after birth
What is the advantage of genetic variation from sexual reproduction?
A.Offspring are identical to parents
B.Better adaptation to changing environments
C.Faster reproduction
D.Less energy required
Why do butterfly eggs hatch into caterpillars instead of butterflies?
A.Eggs are damaged
B.Butterflies undergo complete metamorphosis
C.Temperature is wrong
D.Not enough food
What happens if frog eggs are laid on land instead of water?
A.They develop faster
B.They dry out and die
C.They turn into toads
D.They grow larger
In humans, how many eggs typically mature and release each month?
A.Hundreds
B.About 10-20
C.One
D.None
What is the main purpose of the large number of mitochondria in sperm's middle piece?
A.To store genetic material
B.To provide energy for swimming
C.To digest the egg membrane
D.To produce hormones
Which animals would you definitely NOT be able to collect eggs from?
A.Frogs and fish
B.Birds and reptiles
C.Dogs and cats
D.Insects and spiders
Why was Dolly the sheep identical to the Finn Dorsett sheep and not the Scottish Blackface ewe?
A.The Finn Dorsett sheep was her mother
B.The nucleus with genetic material came from Finn Dorsett sheep
C.She was fed Finn Dorsett milk
D.Scottish Blackface genes were removed
How does implantation relate to pregnancy?
A.It ends pregnancy
B.It is when the embryo attaches to the uterus wall
C.It is when the baby is born
D.It is when eggs are released
What would happen if a hydra's bud didn't separate from the parent?
A.Both would die
B.They would continue living as a colony
C.The bud would shrink
D.The parent would absorb it back
Why is reproduction essential for species but not for individual survival?
A.Individuals can live without reproducing
B.Reproduction uses too much energy
C.Only some individuals need to reproduce
D.Reproduction is harmful to individuals
What role does temperature play in reptile reproduction?
A.It determines egg size
B.It can determine the sex of offspring in some species
C.It prevents egg laying
D.It has no effect
Which reproductive strategy would be most advantageous in a stable, unchanging environment?
A.Sexual reproduction with high genetic variation
B.Asexual reproduction producing identical offspring
C.External fertilization
D.Metamorphosis
What is the primary function of the uterus?
A.To produce eggs
B.To produce hormones
C.To provide a place for embryo development
D.To store sperms
How do young ones receive nutrition in viviparous animals?
A.From egg yolk
B.Through the placenta from the mother
C.They don't need nutrition
D.From the environment
Why might cloning be controversial?
A.It's too expensive
B.It raises ethical concerns about creating life artificially
C.It always fails
D.Cloned animals live forever
What allows a frog to breathe both in water (as tadpole) and on land (as adult)?
A.It holds its breath
B.Metamorphosis changes gills to lungs
C.It never leaves water
D.It uses its tail to breathe
In a bee colony, why do worker bees not reproduce?
A.They are male bees
B.They are sterile females
C.They are too young
D.They are too busy working
What would be the main challenge in conserving species that reproduce through external fertilization?
A.They reproduce too slowly
B.They need specific water conditions for successful reproduction
C.They only reproduce once
D.They cannot be observed
What is the typical age range for adolescence?
A.5 to 10 years
B.11 to 19 years
C.20 to 25 years
D.8 to 12 years
What is the most conspicuous change during puberty?
A.Voice change
B.Sudden increase in height
C.Hair growth
D.Weight gain
What causes the voice to crack in adolescent boys?
A.Throat infection
B.Growing voice box (larynx)
C.Hormonal imbalance
D.Poor nutrition
What is Adam's apple?
A.A fruit eaten during puberty
B.Protruding voice box in boys
C.A type of acne
D.Hair growth on face
Which hormone is responsible for male secondary sexual characteristics?
A.Estrogen
B.Insulin
C.Testosterone
D.Thyroxine
What is menstruation?
A.Growth of hair
B.Monthly shedding of uterine lining
C.Voice change in girls
D.Development of breasts
Which gland is known as the 'master gland'?
A.Thyroid gland
B.Pituitary gland
C.Pancreas
D.Adrenal gland
Who determines the sex of an unborn baby?
A.The mother
B.The father
C.Both parents equally
D.The environment
What is the first menstruation in a girl's life called?
A.Menopause
B.Menarche
C.Ovulation
D.Puberty
Why is balanced diet especially important during adolescence?
A.To prevent acne
B.For rapid growth and development
C.To control voice changes
D.To prevent height increase
Which nutrient is especially important for blood formation in adolescents?
A.Calcium
B.Iron
C.Vitamin C
D.Protein
What are secondary sexual characteristics?
A.Reproductive organs
B.Features that distinguish males from females
C.Primary sex organs
D.Hormones in blood
If a 9-year-old boy is 120 cm tall and has reached 75% of his full height, what will be his predicted adult height?
A.150 cm
B.160 cm
C.140 cm
D.180 cm
What causes acne during adolescence?
A.Poor diet only
B.Increased activity of oil glands
C.Lack of exercise
D.Too much water
Which hormone controls growth and metabolism?
A.Insulin
B.Thyroxine
C.Adrenalin
D.Testosterone
What is the typical duration of a menstrual cycle?
A.15-20 days
B.28-30 days
C.35-40 days
D.10-15 days
What are endocrine glands also called?
A.Ducted glands
B.Ductless glands
C.Sweat glands
D.Oil glands
At what age does menopause typically occur?
A.30-35 years
B.35-40 years
C.45-50 years
D.55-60 years
Why do both boys and girls grow hair in certain regions during puberty?
A.Due to poor hygiene
B.It's a common secondary sexual characteristic
C.Due to increased height
D.Because of voice changes
What is the function of insulin?
A.Controls growth
B.Regulates blood sugar
C.Controls voice changes
D.Manages stress response
Why do girls typically start adolescence earlier than boys?
A.They eat more
B.Natural biological variation
C.They exercise more
D.Environmental factors only
What is the correct chromosome combination for a female?
Why is personal hygiene more important during adolescence?
A.To look good
B.Due to increased activity of sweat glands
C.To prevent height gain
D.To control hormones
What should adolescents do if someone offers them drugs?
A.Try them once
B.Say 'No' unless prescribed by doctor
C.Ask friends first
D.Take them for stress relief
Which hormone is called the stress hormone?
A.Insulin
B.Thyroxine
C.Adrenalin
D.Estrogen
What happens if tadpoles don't get enough iodine in water?
A.They grow faster
B.They cannot metamorphose into frogs
C.They become larger
D.Nothing happens
Why is height often similar among family members?
A.They eat the same food
B.Height depends on genes inherited from parents
C.They live in the same place
D.They exercise together
What causes girls' breasts to develop during puberty?
A.Increased exercise
B.Estrogen hormone
C.Better nutrition
D.Height increase
What is the legal marriage age for girls in India?
A.16 years
B.18 years
C.21 years
D.25 years
Why do boys develop broader shoulders during puberty?
A.Due to increased food intake
B.It's part of male body shape development
C.Due to height increase
D.Because of voice changes
What is the target site in hormone action?
A.The brain
B.Specific body part where hormone acts
C.The blood
D.All body parts equally
Why is adolescence called a period of storm and stress?
A.Because of bad weather
B.Due to rapid physical and emotional changes
C.Because of school pressure
D.Due to poor nutrition
What should be changed during menstruation for proper hygiene?
A.Diet only
B.Sanitary pads every 4-5 hours
C.Exercise routine
D.Sleep schedule
Which endocrine gland is attached to the brain?
A.Thyroid
B.Pituitary
C.Pancreas
D.Adrenal
What can cause goiter?
A.Too much exercise
B.Lack of iodine in diet
C.Eating too much
D.Lack of sleep
Why do some body parts seem out of proportion during adolescence?
A.Due to poor nutrition
B.All parts don't grow at the same rate
C.Due to hormonal problems
D.Because of lack of exercise
What is the function of growth hormone?
A.Controls reproduction
B.Controls overall body growth
C.Manages stress
D.Regulates blood sugar
How can HIV be transmitted?
A.Through air
B.Sharing injection needles, from infected mother to baby, unsafe sexual contact
C.Through food
D.Through mosquito bites
What is the main function of testosterone?
A.Growth of female characteristics
B.Development of male characteristics
C.Control of blood sugar
D.Stress management
Why is regular exercise important during adolescence?
A.To prevent height increase
B.To maintain physical and mental fitness
C.To control hormones
D.To prevent voice changes
What causes the thickening of uterine wall during menstrual cycle?
A.To prepare for possible pregnancy
B.Due to infection
C.Due to poor diet
D.To prevent bleeding
Which type of food should be avoided by adolescents?
A.Fruits and vegetables
B.Milk and dairy products
C.Chips and packaged snacks
D.Whole grains
What controls metamorphosis in frogs?
A.Insulin
B.Thyroxine
C.Adrenalin
D.Growth hormone
Why do teenagers often feel insecure during adolescence?
A.Due to poor grades
B.Due to rapid changes in body and mind
C.Due to lack of friends
D.Due to too much homework
What is the role of estrogen in females?
A.Causes voice deepening
B.Responsible for female characteristics and menstrual cycle
C.Controls height
D.Manages stress
What happens to reproductive capacity in males compared to females?
A.Same duration for both
B.Lasts much longer in males than females
C.Shorter in males
D.Stops at same age for both
What is the ideal meal combination for adolescents according to the chapter?
A.Chips, noodles, coke
B.Roti/rice, dal, vegetables
C.Only fruits
D.Only meat
Why is early marriage harmful for adolescents?
A.It's against the law only
B.Teenagers are not prepared mentally or physically for parenthood
C.It costs too much money
D.They can't work
What should adolescents understand about the changes they experience?
A.They are abnormal
B.They are temporary problems
C.They are natural part of growing up
D.They can be stopped
What is force?
A.A type of energy
B.A push or pull acting on an object
C.A form of heat
D.A measurement of speed
How many objects are needed for a force to come into play?
A.One object only
B.At least two objects
C.Three objects
D.No objects needed
What happens when two equal forces act on an object in opposite directions?
A.The object moves faster
B.The object changes direction
C.The net force is zero and object doesn't move
D.The object breaks
Which of the following is an example of muscular force?
A.A magnet attracting iron
B.An apple falling from tree
C.Lifting a book with your hand
D.Lightning during a storm
What is friction?
A.A force that helps objects move faster
B.A force that opposes motion between surfaces
C.A force that attracts objects
D.A force that makes objects lighter
Which force can act without direct contact between objects?
A.Muscular force
B.Friction
C.Magnetic force
D.Force applied by a stick
What causes objects to fall toward the ground?
A.Magnetic force
B.Gravitational force
C.Muscular force
D.Friction
What is pressure?
A.Force multiplied by area
B.Force divided by area
C.Area divided by force
D.Force plus area
Why is it easier to cut with a sharp knife than a blunt one?
A.Sharp knife is heavier
B.Sharp knife has smaller cutting area, creating higher pressure
C.Sharp knife moves faster
D.Sharp knife has more force
What happens when you rub a plastic straw with paper?
A.It becomes magnetic
B.It acquires electrostatic charge
C.It becomes heavier
D.It changes color
Why do shoulder bags have broad straps?
A.To look fashionable
B.To reduce pressure on shoulders by increasing contact area
C.To make the bag stronger
D.To carry more items
Do liquids exert pressure on the walls of their containers?
A.No, only on the bottom
B.Yes, in all directions
C.Only upward
D.Only sideways
What is atmospheric pressure?
A.Pressure inside our bodies
B.Pressure exerted by the weight of air around us
C.Pressure from water
D.Pressure from wind
Why don't we feel crushed by atmospheric pressure?
A.Atmospheric pressure is very small
B.We are too strong
C.Pressure inside our body balances the outside pressure
D.We are protected by our clothes
Which of the following demonstrates that force can change the shape of an object?
A.Kicking a football
B.Squeezing a sponge
C.Throwing a stone
D.Running fast
What type of force is responsible for a ball rolling on the ground to eventually stop?
A.Gravitational force
B.Magnetic force
C.Friction force
D.Electrostatic force
How does a suction cup stick to a wall?
A.It uses glue
B.Atmospheric pressure pushes it against the wall
C.It has magnetic properties
D.It uses static electricity
What happens to the pressure at the bottom of a water container as you add more water?
A.Pressure decreases
B.Pressure increases
C.Pressure remains same
D.Pressure becomes zero
Which type of force do you use when you pick up a book?
A.Gravitational force
B.Magnetic force
C.Muscular force
D.Friction force
What determines the direction of motion when a force is applied to an object?
A.The size of the object
B.The color of the object
C.The direction of the applied force
D.The weight of the object
Why do gases exert pressure on the walls of their containers?
A.Because they are heavy
B.Because their molecules constantly hit the walls
C.Because they are hot
D.Because they expand
What happens when like poles of two magnets are brought close together?
A.They attract each other
B.They repel each other
C.Nothing happens
D.They stick together
If you apply a 20N force on an area of 4 cm², what is the pressure?
A.5 N/cm²
B.80 N/cm²
C.24 N/cm²
D.16 N/cm²
What force enables us to walk?
A.Gravitational force
B.Magnetic force
C.Friction between feet and ground
D.Air pressure
Why does a rubber balloon stick to a wall after being rubbed with cloth?
A.Due to gravitational force
B.Due to electrostatic force
C.Due to magnetic force
D.Due to muscular force
What happens when you increase the area over which a force acts?
A.Pressure increases
B.Pressure decreases
C.Pressure remains same
D.Force increases
Which force is responsible for keeping planets in orbit around the sun?
A.Magnetic force
B.Electrostatic force
C.Gravitational force
D.Friction force
Why do mountaineers sometimes experience difficulty in breathing at high altitudes?
A.Too much oxygen
B.Lower atmospheric pressure
C.Higher atmospheric pressure
D.Too much carbon dioxide
What type of force is applied when you squeeze a piece of lemon?
A.Gravitational force
B.Muscular force
C.Magnetic force
D.Electrostatic force
Why do streamlined shapes experience less friction?
A.They are heavier
B.They cut through air/water more easily
C.They are made of special materials
D.They move slower
What happens to water in a dropper when you release pressure on the bulb?
A.Water comes out
B.Water goes up due to atmospheric pressure
C.Nothing happens
D.Water turns to vapor
Which force acts on a freely falling object?
A.Only gravitational force
B.Only air resistance
C.Both gravitational force and air resistance
D.No force acts
Why is it difficult to push a nail into wood by its head?
A.The head is too big, creating low pressure
B.The head is too heavy
C.The head is made of different material
D.The head is not sharp
What causes the springs of a bicycle seat to compress when someone sits on it?
A.Magnetic force
B.Weight of the person creating downward force
C.Electrostatic force
D.Friction force
Why do liquids flow from higher to lower levels?
A.Due to magnetic force
B.Due to gravitational force
C.Due to electrostatic force
D.Due to atmospheric pressure only
What would happen if there were no atmospheric pressure?
A.Nothing would change
B.Liquids would boil at room temperature
C.We would float
D.Gravity would stop working
Why do we use lubricants in machines?
A.To increase friction
B.To reduce friction between moving parts
C.To make them heavier
D.To make them look shiny
What happens when you try to push two like magnetic poles together?
A.They attract strongly
B.They repel each other
C.Nothing happens
D.They become demagnetized
How does the pressure in a liquid change with depth?
A.Decreases with depth
B.Increases with depth
C.Remains constant
D.First increases then decreases
Why is it easier to walk on a rough surface than on a smooth surface?
A.Rough surface is softer
B.Rough surface provides more friction
C.Rough surface is always dry
D.Rough surface is warmer
What force is responsible for the tides in oceans?
A.Earth's rotation
B.Moon's gravitational force
C.Wind force
D.Magnetic force
Why do gases escape from a punctured balloon?
A.Gas becomes lighter
B.Pressure inside is higher than outside
C.Gas molecules become smaller
D.Temperature increases
What is the advantage of using a lever?
A.It reduces the force needed to do work
B.It increases the weight of objects
C.It makes objects move faster
D.It changes the color of objects
Why do deep sea divers wear special suits?
A.To look professional
B.To protect from high water pressure
C.To swim faster
D.To stay warm only
What makes it possible to drink through a straw?
A.Suction from mouth
B.Atmospheric pressure pushes liquid up when air pressure inside straw is reduced
C.Gravitational force
D.Magnetic force
Which example best demonstrates that force has both magnitude and direction?
A.A ball at rest
B.Kicking a ball in different directions with same force
C.A heavy object
D.A light object
What happens to the shape of a spring when a weight is hung from it?
A.No change occurs
B.Spring extends due to the applied force
C.Spring becomes shorter
D.Spring becomes wider
Why do we feel lighter when swimming in water?
A.Water reduces gravity
B.Water exerts upward pressure (buoyant force)
C.We actually become lighter
D.Water removes weight
What type of force interaction occurs in a tug-of-war?
A.Only one team applies force
B.Both teams apply force in opposite directions
C.No force is involved
D.Teams apply force in same direction
What is friction?
A.A force that helps objects move faster
B.A force that opposes relative motion between surfaces in contact
C.A force that attracts objects together
D.A force that makes objects lighter
What causes friction between two surfaces?
A.Magnetic attraction
B.Irregularities on the surfaces that interlock
C.Gravitational force
D.Air pressure
Which type of friction is greater?
A.Rolling friction
B.Static friction
C.Sliding friction
D.All are equal
Why do we sprinkle powder on a carrom board?
A.To make it look clean
B.To reduce friction
C.To increase friction
D.For decoration
What is the main advantage of using wheels?
A.They look good
B.They reduce friction by replacing sliding with rolling
C.They are cheaper
D.They last longer
Why do shoe soles and car tires have treaded patterns?
A.For style and appearance
B.To increase friction and provide better grip
C.To reduce weight
D.To make them waterproof
What happens when oil is poured on door hinges?
A.Friction increases
B.Friction decreases, making the door move smoothly
C.Nothing happens
D.The door becomes heavier
What is fluid friction also called?
A.Air resistance
B.Drag
C.Water friction
D.Flow resistance
Why are vehicles given streamlined shapes?
A.To look attractive
B.To reduce fluid friction
C.To increase speed
D.To reduce cost
What type of friction enables us to walk?
A.Rolling friction
B.Static friction between feet and ground
C.Sliding friction
D.Fluid friction
Why does a moving ball eventually stop on its own?
A.Due to gravity
B.Due to friction with the ground
C.Due to air pressure
D.Due to magnetic force
How do lubricants work?
A.They increase surface roughness
B.They form a thin layer between surfaces, preventing direct contact
C.They make surfaces heavier
D.They create magnetic fields
In which situation would you want to increase friction?
A.Car engine parts
B.Bicycle brakes
C.Door hinges
D.Ball bearings
What happens to friction when surfaces are pressed harder together?
A.Friction decreases
B.Friction increases
C.Friction remains the same
D.Friction becomes zero
Why do we slip on a banana peel?
A.Banana peels are magnetic
B.Banana peels reduce friction between feet and ground
C.Banana peels increase gravity
D.Banana peels are electrically charged
What is rolling friction?
A.Friction when objects slide
B.Friction when one object rolls over another
C.Friction in liquids
D.Friction in air
Why is it easier to move a loaded trolley on wheels than to drag it?
A.Wheels make objects lighter
B.Rolling friction is less than sliding friction
C.Wheels create magic
D.Trolleys become stronger with wheels
What do ball bearings do in machines?
A.Increase weight
B.Replace sliding friction with rolling friction
C.Generate electricity
D.Create noise
What happens when you rub your palms together vigorously?
A.They become cold
B.They become warm due to friction generating heat
C.They become magnetic
D.Nothing happens
Why do birds and fish have streamlined shapes?
A.For beauty
B.To reduce fluid friction while moving
C.To increase their size
D.To change colors
Which surfaces would produce more friction?
A.Smooth surfaces
B.Rough surfaces
C.Wet surfaces
D.Cold surfaces
What would happen if there were no friction?
A.We could walk faster
B.We couldn't walk, write, or hold objects
C.Everything would become lighter
D.Objects would become magnetic
Why is it difficult to walk on a wet floor?
A.Water makes us heavier
B.Water acts as lubricant, reducing friction
C.Water creates static electricity
D.Water changes gravity
How does friction help in writing?
A.It makes pen lighter
B.It allows pen tip to scrape material onto paper
C.It changes ink color
D.It makes paper softer
What is the correct order of friction from largest to smallest?
A.Rolling, sliding, static
B.Static, sliding, rolling
C.Sliding, static, rolling
D.Rolling, static, sliding
Why do gymnasts apply powder on their hands?
A.To make hands look white
B.To increase friction for better grip
C.To reduce friction
D.For skin protection only
What happens to the soles of shoes over time due to friction?
A.They become stronger
B.They wear out
C.They become smoother
D.They change color only
Why are grooves made on the soles of shoes?
A.For decoration
B.To increase friction and prevent slipping
C.To reduce weight
D.To make them waterproof
What factor does NOT affect the amount of friction?
A.Roughness of surfaces
B.How hard surfaces are pressed together
C.Color of the objects
D.Nature of the materials
How does streamlining help vehicles?
A.Makes them look better
B.Reduces air resistance and saves fuel
C.Makes them louder
D.Changes their color
Why can't we eliminate friction completely?
A.It's too expensive
B.No surface is perfectly smooth
C.It would be dangerous
D.We don't have the technology
When you strike a matchstick, what role does friction play?
A.It cools the match
B.It generates heat to ignite the match
C.It changes the match color
D.It makes the match softer
Why do heavy machines use logs underneath when being moved?
A.Logs are cheap
B.Logs create rolling friction instead of sliding friction
C.Logs are strong
D.Logs look good
What happens to energy due to friction?
A.Energy is destroyed
B.Energy is converted to heat
C.Energy doubles
D.Energy becomes light
Why do kabaddi players rub their hands with soil?
A.For good luck
B.To increase friction for better grip
C.To clean their hands
D.To change hand color
How does the shape of an airplane help it fly efficiently?
A.It looks attractive
B.Streamlined shape reduces air resistance
C.It makes the plane lighter
D.It increases engine power
What would happen if you tried to walk on a perfectly frictionless surface?
A.You would walk faster
B.You couldn't walk at all
C.You would jump higher
D.Nothing would change
Why do car brakes work?
A.They use magnetism
B.They use friction to stop the wheels
C.They use air pressure
D.They use electricity
What is static friction?
A.Friction when objects are moving
B.Friction that prevents objects from starting to move
C.Friction in fluids
D.Friction when rolling
Why is oil used in car engines?
A.To increase friction
B.To reduce friction between moving parts
C.To clean the engine
D.To change engine color
How does fluid friction depend on speed?
A.It decreases with speed
B.It increases with speed
C.It remains constant
D.It has no relation to speed
Why do racing cars have a low, sleek design?
A.For style
B.To reduce air resistance and go faster
C.To use less material
D.To see the road better
What happens when you walk on ice?
A.Friction increases
B.Friction decreases, making it slippery
C.Friction remains same
D.Friction disappears completely
Why do bicycle mechanics use grease?
A.To clean the bicycle
B.To reduce friction in moving parts
C.To make it shiny
D.To prevent rust only
What is the advantage of ball bearings over sliding surfaces?
A.They are cheaper
B.They replace sliding friction with smaller rolling friction
C.They are stronger
D.They look better
How do lubricants help reduce wear and tear?
A.They make materials stronger
B.They prevent direct contact between surfaces
C.They cool down the surfaces
D.They change material properties
Why is the wheel considered one of humanity's greatest inventions?
A.It looks round
B.It greatly reduced friction for transportation
C.It was easy to make
D.It was the first invention
What happens in a bicycle when you don't pedal?
A.It speeds up
B.It gradually slows down due to friction
C.It maintains constant speed
D.It immediately stops
How do scientists get ideas for designing streamlined vehicles?
A.From movies
B.From studying shapes of birds and fish
C.From imagination only
D.From old vehicles
What is the source of all sounds?
A.Moving objects
B.Vibrating objects
C.Hot objects
D.Large objects
What is vibration?
A.Moving in circles
B.To and fro or back and forth motion
C.Moving upward only
D.Standing still
When you strike a metal plate and then hold it tightly, what happens to the sound?
A.Sound becomes louder
B.Sound stops because vibration stops
C.Sound continues unchanged
D.Sound becomes softer
What produces sound in a tabla?
A.The wooden body
B.The stretched membrane
C.The metal rings
D.The air inside
What is the voice box in humans called?
A.Windpipe
B.Larynx
C.Throat
D.Adam's apple
What are vocal cords?
A.Muscles in the throat
B.Two stretched membranes across the voice box
C.Bones in the neck
D.Tubes carrying air
How is sound produced by vocal cords?
A.Air from lungs makes vocal cords vibrate
B.Muscles stretch the vocal cords
C.Food passes through the voice box
D.Blood flows through vocal cords
Why do men have deeper voices than women?
A.Men have stronger lungs
B.Men have longer vocal cords (about 20mm vs 15mm)
C.Men talk louder
D.Men have larger throats
Can sound travel through vacuum?
A.Yes, very slowly
B.No, sound needs a medium to travel
C.Yes, but only loud sounds
D.Only if there are objects in vacuum
What happens to the sound of a cell phone when air is sucked out of a container?
A.Sound becomes louder
B.Sound becomes fainter
C.Sound remains the same
D.Sound changes pitch
Does sound travel through water?
A.No, water blocks sound
B.Yes, sound can travel through water
C.Only hot water carries sound
D.Only if water is moving
Through which medium does sound travel fastest?
A.Air (gas)
B.Water (liquid)
C.Steel (solid)
D.Sound travels at same speed in all media
What is the eardrum?
A.A bone in the ear
B.A thin stretched membrane
C.A muscle in the ear
D.The outer part of the ear
How do we hear sound?
A.Brain directly detects sound waves
B.Eardrum vibrates, sends signals to brain
C.Eyes see sound waves
D.Nose detects sound particles
What is frequency?
A.Loudness of sound
B.Number of oscillations per second
C.Speed of sound
D.Distance sound travels
What is the unit of frequency?
A.Decibel (dB)
B.Hertz (Hz)
C.Meter (m)
D.Second (s)
If an object oscillates 50 times in 5 seconds, what is its frequency?
A.10 Hz
B.50 Hz
C.5 Hz
D.250 Hz
What determines the loudness of a sound?
A.Frequency of vibration
B.Amplitude of vibration
C.Speed of sound
D.Distance from source
What is the unit used to measure loudness?
A.Hertz (Hz)
B.Decibel (dB)
C.Meter (m)
D.Watt (W)
What determines the pitch of a sound?
A.Amplitude
B.Frequency
C.Loudness
D.Distance
Which produces a higher pitched sound?
A.Drum
B.Whistle
C.Lion's roar
D.Thunder
What is the audible range of frequencies for human ears?
A.20 Hz to 20,000 Hz
B.50 Hz to 15,000 Hz
C.10 Hz to 10,000 Hz
D.100 Hz to 25,000 Hz
What are sounds below 20 Hz called?
A.Ultrasonic
B.Infrasonic
C.Audible
D.Musical
What are sounds above 20,000 Hz called?
A.Infrasonic
B.Ultrasonic
C.Audible
D.Musical
Which animals can hear ultrasonic sounds?
A.Elephants
B.Dogs
C.Humans
D.Fish
What is noise?
A.Any loud sound
B.Unpleasant sound
C.High frequency sound
D.Low frequency sound
What is music?
A.Any soft sound
B.Pleasant sound that is agreeable to listen
C.High pitched sound
D.Sound from instruments only
Can music become noise?
A.No, music is always pleasant
B.Yes, if it becomes too loud
C.Only if played on wrong instruments
D.Only at night time
What is noise pollution?
A.Dirt in the air
B.Presence of excessive or unwanted sounds
C.Loud music only
D.Sounds from vehicles only
Which of these is a source of noise pollution?
A.Birds singing
B.Traffic horns
C.Flowing river
D.Wind in trees
At what sound level does noise become physically painful?
A.Above 60 dB
B.Above 80 dB
C.Above 100 dB
D.Above 120 dB
What health problems can noise pollution cause?
A.Only hearing loss
B.Lack of sleep, hypertension, anxiety
C.Only stress
D.Only temporary deafness
How can trees help reduce noise pollution?
A.Trees produce pleasant sounds
B.Trees absorb and block sound waves
C.Trees create wind that carries noise away
D.Trees don't help with noise
What should be done to noisy industries?
A.They should be closed
B.They should be set up away from residential areas
C.They should work only at night
D.Nothing can be done
Why should we never put sharp objects in our ears?
A.It causes infection
B.It can damage the eardrum
C.It causes pain
D.It blocks hearing
What is ultrasound used for in medicine?
A.Treating infections
B.Investigating internal body parts
C.Cleaning teeth
D.Checking blood pressure
Why do we see lightning before hearing thunder?
A.Lightning is brighter than thunder
B.Light travels faster than sound
C.Thunder is quieter than lightning
D.Our eyes are better than ears
If a pendulum completes 40 oscillations in 4 seconds, what is its frequency?
A.10 Hz
B.40 Hz
C.4 Hz
D.160 Hz
What is the time period if frequency is 25 Hz?
A.0.04 seconds
B.25 seconds
C.1 second
D.0.25 seconds
What vibrates in a flute to produce sound?
A.The wooden body
B.The air column inside
C.The holes in the flute
D.The player's fingers
How do whales and dolphins communicate underwater?
A.They cannot communicate underwater
B.Through sound waves that travel through water
C.Through light signals
D.Through water movements only
What happens to amplitude when you strike an instrument harder?
A.Amplitude decreases
B.Amplitude increases
C.Amplitude stays same
D.Amplitude becomes zero
Why do children have higher pitched voices than adults?
A.Children speak faster
B.Children have shorter vocal cords
C.Children breathe differently
D.Children have smaller lungs
What type of sound does a mosquito make when flying?
A.Low pitched buzzing
B.High pitched buzzing
C.No sound
D.Musical sound
What is the advantage of the outer ear being shaped like a funnel?
A.It looks better
B.It collects and directs sound waves
C.It protects the inner ear
D.It prevents loud sounds
What causes water waves when you strike a dish containing water?
A.Wind from the striking
B.Vibrations of the dish transmitted to water
C.Heat from the strike
D.Chemical reaction in water
How can you make a simple musical instrument at home?
A.Use electronic devices only
B.Fill bottles with different water levels and strike them
C.Cannot make instruments at home
D.Only buy from stores
What determines the quality of voice - high or low?
A.Lung capacity
B.Tension of vocal cords
C.Age of person
D.Amount of air
If the loudness of sound is proportional to the square of amplitude, what happens when amplitude doubles?
A.Loudness doubles
B.Loudness becomes 4 times
C.Loudness halves
D.Loudness remains same
Why is it important to control noise pollution around hospitals?
A.Doctors need quiet to work
B.Patients need peaceful environment for recovery
C.Medical equipment is noise sensitive
D.All of the above
Why is it dangerous to touch electrical appliances with wet hands?
A.Wet hands are cold
B.Water makes hands conduct electricity
C.Appliances break when wet
D.Wet hands are slippery
What should you use to test electrical conductivity safely?
A.Mains electricity
B.Generator power
C.Battery cells only
D.High voltage supply
How does a magnetic needle tester work?
A.Magnetism makes liquids glow
B.Electric current creates magnetic field that deflects needle
C.Magnetic liquids are tested
D.Needle measures temperature
Which of the following is a good conductor of electricity?
A.Pure distilled water
B.Lemon juice
C.Sugar solution
D.Vegetable oil
What happens when you add salt to distilled water?
A.It becomes a poor conductor
B.It becomes a good conductor
C.Nothing changes
D.It becomes non-conducting
Why doesn't pure distilled water conduct electricity well?
A.It's too cold
B.It has no dissolved salts or minerals
C.It's too pure to use
D.It evaporates quickly
What types of substances make water conducting when dissolved?
A.Only sugars
B.Acids, bases, and salts
C.Only oils
D.Only metals
What is an electrode?
A.A type of battery
B.A conducting rod through which current enters or leaves a liquid
C.A measuring device
D.An insulating material
What happens when electric current passes through conducting solutions?
A.Nothing happens
B.Chemical reactions occur
C.Solutions freeze
D.Solutions heat up only
Who first demonstrated that electric current could decompose water?
A.Isaac Newton
B.William Nicholson
C.Albert Einstein
D.Thomas Edison
What gases are produced when electric current is passed through water?
A.Carbon dioxide and oxygen
B.Hydrogen and oxygen
C.Nitrogen and oxygen
D.Hydrogen and carbon dioxide
In Boojho's potato experiment, where did the greenish-blue spot appear?
A.Around the negative terminal wire
B.Around the positive terminal wire
C.Around both wires equally
D.No spot appeared
What is electroplating?
A.Cleaning metals with electricity
B.Depositing a layer of one metal on another using electricity
C.Making metals magnetic
D.Heating metals with electricity
In copper electroplating, where does copper get deposited?
A.On the positive electrode
B.On the negative electrode
C.In the solution
D.On both electrodes equally
Why is chromium electroplating done on car parts?
A.To make them lighter
B.For shiny appearance and scratch resistance
C.To make them magnetic
D.To make them flexible
What advantage does LED have over a regular bulb in a tester?
A.LEDs are bigger
B.LEDs glow even with weak currents
C.LEDs are more expensive
D.LEDs make noise
How should the leads of an LED be connected?
A.Longer lead to negative, shorter to positive
B.Longer lead to positive, shorter to negative
C.Both leads to positive
D.Connection doesn't matter
Why are tin cans used for storing food?
A.Tin is cheap
B.Tin is less reactive than iron and protects food
C.Tin is magnetic
D.Tin is transparent
What happens to the copper in the solution during copper electroplating?
A.It disappears completely
B.Concentration is maintained as copper dissolves from positive electrode
C.It doubles in amount
D.It changes into another metal
Why do firemen shut off electrical supply before using water?
A.To save electricity
B.Water conducts electricity and can cause electrocution
C.To prevent water damage
D.It's just a safety rule
Why does seawater conduct electricity better than drinking water?
A.Seawater is warmer
B.Seawater has higher salt content
C.Seawater has fish in it
D.Seawater is deeper
What should you do after testing each liquid with a tester?
A.Nothing special
B.Wash and wipe dry the electrode ends
C.Change the battery
D.Wait for one hour
Why might rainwater conduct electricity even though it's supposed to be pure?
A.Rain is always impure
B.It dissolves gases and dust particles from air
C.Rain is hot
D.Rain contains fish
What is the main environmental concern with electroplating factories?
A.Noise pollution
B.Disposal of used chemical solutions
C.Air conditioning costs
D.Bright lights
How can you identify the positive terminal of an unknown battery using a potato?
A.Insert wires and look for green spot around positive terminal
B.Insert wires and look for red spot around positive terminal
C.Potato glows near positive terminal
D.Potato gets warm near positive terminal
Why is it not economical to make entire car parts from chromium?
A.Chromium is too light
B.Chromium is very expensive
C.Chromium is magnetic
D.Chromium rusts easily
What happens if you join the tester's free ends for too long?
A.Tester becomes more accurate
B.Battery drains quickly
C.Tester gets stronger
D.Nothing happens
Which effect of electric current is used in the magnetic needle tester?
A.Heating effect
B.Magnetic effect
C.Chemical effect
D.Sound effect
In electroplating setup, what is added to copper sulfate solution to make it more conducting?
A.Sugar
B.Dilute sulfuric acid
C.Salt
D.Oil
Why are carbon rods used as electrodes in some experiments?
A.They are cheap and chemically inert
B.They are magnetic
C.They float on water
D.They are transparent
What happens if a conducting liquid is too weak to make a bulb glow?
A.Liquid is definitely non-conducting
B.Current is too weak but liquid still conducts
C.Bulb is broken
D.Battery is dead
What is the purpose of zinc coating on iron?
A.To make iron magnetic
B.To protect iron from corrosion and rust
C.To make iron lighter
D.To make iron transparent
Why should electrode ends be kept 1 cm apart during liquid testing?
A.For better visibility
B.To prevent short circuit while allowing current flow through liquid
C.To make testing faster
D.For safety reasons only
What scientific discovery principle does Boojho's potato experiment illustrate?
A.Always follow instructions exactly
B.Unexpected observations can lead to useful discoveries
C.Experiments should be repeated many times
D.Potatoes are good conductors
Which type of materials should be classified as good and poor conductors rather than conductors and non-conductors?
A.Only metals
B.All materials
C.Only liquids
D.Only gases
What happens to jewelry with repeated use when it's electroplated?
A.It becomes stronger
B.The coating wears off revealing base metal
C.It changes color permanently
D.It becomes magnetic
What should you check first if your tester is not working?
A.Replace the entire tester
B.Check connections, bulb, and battery
C.Use a different liquid
D.Wait for some time
Why is sugar solution a poor conductor even though sugar dissolves in water?
A.Sugar is too sweet
B.Sugar doesn't form ions when dissolved
C.Sugar makes water thick
D.Sugar blocks electricity
What happens if you interchange electrodes during electroplating?
A.Nothing changes
B.Coating forms on the other electrode
C.Process stops working
D.Solution becomes non-conducting
How is electroplating used for copper purification?
A.Pure copper rod as positive, pure copper deposits on negative
B.Impure copper rod as positive, pure copper deposits on negative
C.Both electrodes are pure copper
D.Neither electrode is copper
Why are some mineral salts in drinking water beneficial for health?
A.They make water taste better
B.They provide essential nutrients for the body
C.They make water conduct electricity
D.They make water look clear
What makes tap water different from distilled water in terms of conductivity?
A.Tap water is warmer
B.Tap water contains dissolved salts naturally present
C.Tap water flows faster
D.Tap water is cheaper
What happens during the electrolysis of water?
A.Water heats up only
B.Water decomposes into hydrogen and oxygen gases
C.Water becomes acidic
D.Water changes color
Why should electroplating waste be disposed of carefully?
A.It's expensive to waste
B.It contains toxic chemicals that can pollute environment
C.It smells bad
D.It takes up space
What property of chromium makes it useful for electroplating?
A.It's very light
B.It's shiny, doesn't corrode, and resists scratches
C.It's magnetic
D.It's transparent
When should you stop joining the free ends of a tester during checking?
A.After a few seconds to prevent battery drain
B.After one minute
C.After five minutes
D.Time doesn't matter
What happens to iron bridges when they are galvanized?
A.They become lighter
B.They are protected from rusting
C.They become magnetic
D.They change color permanently
Why might the compass needle not deflect even if liquid conducts electricity?
A.Compass is broken
B.Current is too weak to create detectable magnetic field
C.Liquid is too hot
D.Liquid is moving too fast
What makes electroplating economically advantageous?
A.Uses less electricity
B.Gives expensive metal properties without using solid expensive metal
C.Works faster than other methods
D.Requires no maintenance
When did the ancient Greeks first discover static electricity?
A.600 A.D.
B.600 B.C.
C.500 B.C.
D.700 B.C.
Who demonstrated that lightning and clothing sparks are the same phenomenon?
A.Isaac Newton
B.Benjamin Franklin
C.Thomas Edison
D.Nikola Tesla
What happens when you rub a plastic refill with polythene?
A.It becomes hot
B.It acquires electric charge
C.It changes color
D.It becomes magnetic
What happens when two balloons rubbed with wool are brought close together?
A.They attract each other
B.They repel each other
C.Nothing happens
D.They stick together
What is the fundamental rule about electric charges?
A.All charges attract
B.Like charges repel, unlike charges attract
C.All charges repel
D.Charges don't interact
By convention, what type of charge does a glass rod acquire when rubbed with silk?
A.Negative charge
B.Positive charge
C.Neutral charge
D.No charge
What is an electroscope used for?
A.To measure temperature
B.To detect whether a body is charged
C.To measure weight
D.To see small objects
What happens when you touch the electroscope with your hand?
A.It gets more charged
B.The foil strips discharge and come together
C.It breaks
D.Nothing happens
What is the process of transferring charge from a charged object to earth called?
A.Charging
B.Earthing
C.Grounding
D.Both earthing and grounding
How does lightning form during thunderstorms?
A.Hot air rises and creates sparks
B.Air currents cause charge separation in clouds
C.Rain creates electricity
D.Wind generates electric current
What happens when accumulated charges in clouds become very large?
A.Clouds disappear
B.Air becomes conductor and electric discharge occurs
C.Rain stops
D.Thunder stops
What should you do when you hear thunder?
A.Continue outdoor activities
B.Rush to a safer place immediately
C.Look for lightning
D.Start running
Which of the following is NOT a safe place during lightning?
A.Inside a house
B.Inside a car with windows closed
C.Under a tall tree
D.Inside a building
Why should you avoid using wired phones during thunderstorms?
A.They don't work in storms
B.Lightning can travel through telephone lines
C.They waste electricity
D.The sound quality is poor
What is the safe position if caught in open field during lightning?
A.Lie flat on ground
B.Stand under umbrella
C.Squat low with hands on knees
D.Run to nearest tree
How does a lightning conductor protect buildings?
A.It prevents lightning formation
B.It provides easy route for charge transfer to ground
C.It absorbs lightning
D.It deflects lightning away
What is an earthquake?
A.Shaking of buildings only
B.Sudden shaking or trembling of earth
C.Movement of water
D.Strong wind
What causes earthquakes?
A.Heavy rainfall
B.Movement of earth's plates
C.Strong winds
D.Ocean waves
What are the boundaries of earth's plates called?
A.Strong zones
B.Weak or fault zones
C.Safe zones
D.Danger zones
On which scale is earthquake magnitude measured?
A.Celsius scale
B.Richter scale
C.Fahrenheit scale
D.Kelvin scale
What magnitude earthquakes are considered really destructive?
A.Higher than 4
B.Higher than 7
C.Higher than 5
D.Higher than 6
What instrument records seismic waves?
A.Thermometer
B.Seismograph
C.Barometer
D.Anemometer
Can earthquakes be predicted accurately?
A.Yes, exactly when and where
B.No, they cannot be predicted accurately
C.Only where, not when
D.Only when, not where
Which regions in India are most threatened by earthquakes?
A.Only coastal areas
B.Kashmir, Himalayas, North-East, Kutch
C.Only desert areas
D.Only river valleys
How much more destructive energy does a magnitude 6 earthquake have compared to magnitude 4?
A.2 times more
B.1000 times more
C.100 times more
D.10 times more
What should you do if earthquake strikes while you're at home?
A.Run outside immediately
B.Take shelter under a table
C.Stand in doorway
D.Go to upper floor
What should you do if earthquake strikes while you're outdoors?
A.Run to nearest building
B.Find clear spot away from buildings and trees
C.Climb a tree
D.Stand under power lines
Why should buildings in seismic zones be specially designed?
A.To look beautiful
B.To withstand major tremors
C.To save money
D.To be taller
What happens to charges when they are in motion?
A.They disappear
B.They constitute electric current
C.They become neutral
D.They stop working
What is the outermost layer of earth called?
A.Mantle
B.Crust
C.Core
D.Surface
Are earth's plates stationary or moving?
A.Completely stationary
B.In continual motion
C.Move only during earthquakes
D.Move only in certain seasons
Why is carrying an umbrella during thunderstorms dangerous?
A.Umbrellas are heavy
B.Metal parts can attract lightning
C.They block vision
D.They get damaged
What should you avoid during thunderstorms inside the house?
A.Reading books
B.Contact with electrical wires and metal pipes
C.Sitting on chairs
D.Closing windows
What type of phones are safer to use during thunderstorms?
A.Wired phones
B.Mobile phones and cordless phones
C.Old rotary phones
D.No phones are safe
Why should electrical appliances be unplugged during thunderstorms?
A.To save electricity
B.Lightning can damage them through power lines
C.They make noise
D.They attract lightning
What causes the sound of thunder?
A.Clouds colliding
B.Rapid heating of air during lightning
C.Wind movement
D.Rain falling
When should you wait before coming out after a thunderstorm?
A.Immediately after rain stops
B.Some time after hearing the last thunder
C.One hour after lightning
D.Next day
What makes a charged balloon attract small pieces of paper?
A.Magnetic force
B.Electric force due to charge
C.Gravitational force
D.Wind force
Why do foil strips in an electroscope repel each other?
A.They are magnetic
B.They receive same charge and like charges repel
C.They are light
D.Air pushes them apart
What natural disaster occurred in the Indian Ocean on December 26, 2004?
A.Earthquake only
B.Tsunami
C.Cyclone
D.Volcanic eruption
How long from Greek discovery to Franklin's realization about electricity?
A.1000 years
B.2000 years
C.500 years
D.1500 years
What should you do if in a car during earthquake?
A.Get out immediately
B.Ask driver to drive slowly to clear spot
C.Speed up
D.Stop in middle of road
Why are mud or timber better than heavy materials in seismic areas?
A.They are cheaper
B.Less damage if structure falls
C.They look better
D.They are waterproof
What happens when you rub woollen clothes and take them off in dark?
A.Nothing visible
B.You can see sparks and hear crackling sound
C.Clothes glow
D.Clothes become hot
What other phenomena can cause tremors besides plate movement?
A.Heavy rain
B.Volcanic eruptions and underground explosions
C.Strong winds
D.Ocean tides
What is the main difference between thunderstorms and earthquakes in terms of prediction?
A.Both can be predicted equally well
B.Thunderstorms can be predicted to some extent, earthquakes cannot
C.Earthquakes can be predicted, thunderstorms cannot
D.Neither can be predicted
What should be done with cupboards and shelves in earthquake-prone areas?
A.Remove them completely
B.Fix them to walls so they don't fall easily
C.Make them very heavy
D.Keep them in center of room
Where should one end of lightning conductor be placed?
A.Inside the building
B.Out in the air above building
C.Underground only
D.In the middle of building
What makes the Richter scale different from a linear scale?
A.It measures temperature
B.An increase of 2 means 1000 times more energy
C.It only goes to 10
D.It measures weight
When can we see objects around us?
A.Only during daytime
B.When light from objects enters our eyes
C.When objects are big enough
D.When we focus hard
What are luminous objects?
A.Objects that reflect light
B.Objects that emit their own light
C.Objects that absorb light
D.Objects that are very bright
What are illuminated objects?
A.Objects that emit light
B.Objects that reflect light from other sources
C.Objects that are very hot
D.Objects that glow in dark
What is the incident ray?
A.Light ray that comes back from surface
B.Light ray that strikes any surface
C.Light ray that passes through surface
D.Light ray that bends at surface
What is the reflected ray?
A.Light ray that strikes surface
B.Light ray that comes back from surface after reflection
C.Light ray inside the surface
D.Light ray that gets absorbed
What is the normal in reflection?
A.The reflecting surface
B.Line perpendicular to reflecting surface at point of incidence
C.The incident ray
D.The reflected ray
What is the first law of reflection?
A.Incident ray equals reflected ray
B.Angle of incidence equals angle of reflection
C.Normal equals incident ray
D.All rays are parallel
What is the second law of reflection?
A.Angles are always equal
B.Incident ray, reflected ray, and normal lie in same plane
C.Light travels in straight lines
D.Reflection is always regular
What is regular reflection?
A.Reflection from rough surfaces
B.Reflection from smooth surfaces producing parallel rays
C.Reflection that follows laws
D.Reflection from curved surfaces
What is diffused or irregular reflection?
A.Reflection that doesn't follow laws
B.Reflection from rough surfaces scattering light in different directions
C.Reflection from mirrors only
D.Reflection that creates images
Does diffused reflection follow the laws of reflection?
A.No, it violates both laws
B.Yes, laws apply at each point on the surface
C.Only the first law applies
D.Only the second law applies
How many images are formed when two plane mirrors are placed at right angles?
A.2 images
B.3 images
C.4 images
D.Infinite images
How many images are formed when two plane mirrors are placed parallel to each other?
A.2 images
B.3 images
C.5 images
D.Infinite images
What is a kaleidoscope?
A.A type of mirror
B.Device using multiple mirrors to create beautiful patterns
C.A camera
D.A telescope
How many mirrors are used in a kaleidoscope?
A.Two mirrors
B.Three mirrors
C.Four mirrors
D.Five mirrors
What causes the splitting of white light into colors?
A.Reflection
B.Dispersion
C.Absorption
D.Diffraction
What is a natural phenomenon showing dispersion of light?
A.Lightning
B.Rainbow
C.Aurora
D.Sunset
What is the transparent front part of the eye called?
A.Iris
B.Cornea
C.Pupil
D.Lens
What controls the amount of light entering the eye?
A.Cornea
B.Iris
C.Lens
D.Retina
What is the small opening in the iris called?
A.Cornea
B.Pupil
C.Lens
D.Retina
Where is the image formed in the human eye?
A.On the iris
B.On the retina
C.On the cornea
D.On the lens
Which cells in the retina are sensitive to bright light and color?
A.Rods
B.Cones
C.Nerve cells
D.Blood cells
Which cells in the retina are sensitive to dim light?
A.Cones
B.Rods
C.Iris cells
D.Lens cells
What is the blind spot in the eye?
A.Area with too many rods
B.Junction of optic nerve and retina with no sensory cells
C.Center of the pupil
D.Edge of the cornea
What is the most comfortable reading distance for a normal eye?
A.10 cm
B.25 cm
C.50 cm
D.100 cm
What happens to the pupil in bright light?
A.It becomes larger
B.It becomes smaller
C.It stays same size
D.It changes color
What happens to the pupil in dim light?
A.It becomes smaller
B.It becomes larger
C.It closes completely
D.It changes shape
What is cataract?
A.Damage to retina
B.Clouding of eye lens causing foggy vision
C.Infection in eye
D.Color blindness
What vitamin deficiency can cause night blindness?
A.Vitamin C
B.Vitamin A
C.Vitamin D
D.Vitamin B
What foods are rich in Vitamin A?
A.Only dairy products
B.Carrots, spinach, broccoli, eggs, milk
C.Only fruits
D.Only meat products
Why do owls see well at night but poorly during day?
A.They have small eyes
B.They have large cornea, large pupil, and more rods than cones
C.They close their eyes during day
D.They are afraid of light
Why do day birds like eagles see well during day but not at night?
A.They have small eyes
B.They have more cones and fewer rods
C.They sleep at night
D.They have poor eyesight
How long does an image persist on the retina?
A.1/16th of a second
B.1/8th of a second
C.1/4th of a second
D.1/2 of a second
At what rate should images be shown to see smooth motion?
A.Faster than 16 per second
B.Exactly 10 per second
C.Slower than 5 per second
D.Once per second
Who developed the Braille system?
A.Helen Keller
B.Louis Braille
C.Thomas Edison
D.Alexander Bell
How many dot patterns are there in the Braille system?
A.26 patterns
B.63 patterns
C.50 patterns
D.100 patterns
How are dots arranged in Braille cells?
A.One row of six dots
B.Two vertical rows of three dots each
C.Three rows of two dots each
D.Random arrangement
What should you avoid looking at directly to protect your eyes?
A.Books and papers
B.Sun or powerful lights
C.Computer screens
D.Television
What should you do if dust particles enter your eyes?
A.Rub your eyes vigorously
B.Wash eyes with clean water
C.Use dirty cloth to clean
D.Close eyes tightly
What kind of lighting is bad for eyes?
A.Natural daylight
B.Too little or too much light
C.Warm light only
D.Cool light only
How can you see the back of your head at a hair dresser's shop?
A.Using one mirror
B.Using two mirrors - front and back reflection
C.Using magnifying glass
D.Using special lighting
What is lateral inversion?
A.Image appears upside down
B.Left of object appears on right in mirror and vice versa
C.Image appears smaller
D.Image appears larger
Can the image formed by a plane mirror be obtained on a screen?
A.Yes, always
B.No, because it's a virtual image
C.Only in bright light
D.Only with special screens
What happens when light ray falls along the normal?
A.It bends sideways
B.It reflects back along the same path
C.It passes through the surface
D.It splits into colors
What enables us to see most objects around us?
A.Regular reflection only
B.Diffused reflection
C.Direct emission of light
D.Absorption of light
Why do butterflies have large compound eyes?
A.To look beautiful
B.To see in front, sides, and back simultaneously
C.To see only flowers
D.To see colors better
How do movies create the illusion of motion?
A.Using one picture repeatedly
B.Showing separate pictures in sequence faster than 16 per second
C.Using special effects only
D.Moving the screen
What connects the retina to the brain?
A.Blood vessels
B.Optic nerve
C.Muscles
D.Lens
Why are kaleidoscope patterns always different?
A.Mirrors are different each time
B.Colored pieces move and create new arrangements
C.Light changes
D.Eyes see differently