# Lina’s Family

## Overview
In this chapter, students explore basic measurement concepts such as height, length, weight, and volume using real-life scenarios and interactive activities. The learning is centered around Lina’s family and everyday objects, helping children develop observational, comparative, and estimation skills.

## Key Topics Covered

### 1. Family Height Comparison

- **Scenario**: Lina lives with her parents, grandparents, and her brother Shanbor. Other relatives live nearby.
- **Activity**: Children observe a family picture and answer questions such as:
- Who is the tallest and shortest in the family?
- Who is taller than Lina’s mother but shorter than her father?
- **Objective**: Introduce the concept of comparing heights and using descriptive terms like taller, shorter.

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### 2. Finding Locations and Distances

- **Activity**: Students identify Lina’s hut-shaped house in a picture and answer questions about distance to the shop and school.
- **Objective**: Learn spatial understanding and comparative distance (nearest/farthest).

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### 3. Comparing Objects: Length and Thickness

- **Visual Tasks**:
- Identify the longest, shortest, thickest, and thinnest among pairs of objects.
- **Objective**: Encourage visual comparison and understanding of measurement attributes.

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### 4. Measuring with Handspan

- **Activity**: Children measure everyday objects like table, pencil, sweater using handspan (or fingers).
- **Prompts**:
- Estimate and record lengths (e.g., “My bag is ___ handspans long”).
- Identify which objects can be measured by handspan or fingers.
- **Objective**: Understand informal units of measurement and body-based estimation.

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### 5. Measuring with Footspan

- **Activity**: Estimate and find actual footspan distance between classroom items (e.g., seat to door, bed to washroom).
- **Objective**: Use footspan as a unit for measuring longer distances.

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### 6. Comparing Weights

- **Activity**: Observe and tick heavier or lighter objects in given pairs.
- **Class Task**:
- Who is heavier — you or your friend?
- How is weight measured (discussion)?
- **Objective**: Develop understanding of mass and how to compare it.

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### 7. Volume and Capacity Comparison

- **Activity**:
- Fill a bucket using jugs, glasses, bowls.
- Estimate and compare how much water different bottles can hold.
- Choose correct volume of water for specific tasks (e.g., brushing teeth, bathing, watering plants).
- **Objective**: Learn the concept of volume, estimation, and water usage.

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## New Terms and Definitions

| Term | Simple Definition |
|--------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------|
| taller | Someone or something with more height than another |
| shorter | Someone or something with less height than another |
| handspan | The distance from the tip of the thumb to the tip of the little finger when the hand is fully stretched |
| footspan | The length of a foot used for measuring short distances |
| thick | Having a larger distance between opposite sides |
| thin | Having a smaller distance between opposite sides |
| heavier | Having more weight |
| lighter | Having less weight |
| volume | The amount of space something takes up or holds |
| capacity | How much liquid a container can hold |

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## Practice Problems with Solutions and Explanation

### 1. Height Comparison

**Q.1**: Lina is 120 cm tall. Her brother Shanbor is 110 cm tall. Who is taller?

**Answer**: Lina is taller than Shanbor.
**Explanation**: 120 cm > 110 cm.

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### 2. Estimation with Handspan

**Q.2**: If a notebook is about 2 handspans long and a pencil is 1 handspan long, which is longer?

**Answer**: The notebook is longer.
**Explanation**: 2 handspans > 1 handspan.

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### 3. Weight Comparison

**Q.3**: A watermelon weighs 2 kg and an apple weighs 200 grams. Which is heavier?

**Answer**: Watermelon is heavier.
**Explanation**: 2 kg = 2000 grams > 200 grams.

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### 4. Measuring Volume

**Q.4**: If it takes 4 cups to fill Bottle A and 6 cups to fill Bottle B, which bottle has more capacity?

**Answer**: Bottle B
**Explanation**: It holds more cups of water, so its volume is greater.

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### 5. Footspan Estimation

**Q.5**: If the distance from the table to the door is 8 footspans, and from the blackboard to the window is 5 footspans, which distance is longer?

**Answer**: Distance from table to door.
**Explanation**: 8 footspans > 5 footspans.

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