# A Day at the Beach

## Overview

In this chapter, students explore the concept of numbers through real-life beach scenarios, introducing grouping in tens and ones, recognizing place value, comparing numbers, and basic number operations through games and activities. It builds early numeracy and conceptual understanding of two-digit numbers using engaging visuals and exercises.

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## Key Topics Covered

### 1. Counting and Grouping

- **Activities**:
- Count coconuts, boats, oranges, and children in a beach image.
- Discuss different ways of counting: one-by-one or in groups.
- Identify and count groups of items (e.g., 5 groups of 10 balloons).
- **Objective**: Introduce the idea of grouping objects in tens.

### 2. Group Making and Shell Sorting

- **Surbhi’s Activity**:
- Forms groups of seashells for making bracelets and necklaces.
- Understands multiplication through repeated groups.
- **Practice**:
- Fill in the blanks using group number × shells in each group.

### 3. Understanding Tens

- **Chikoos in Trays**:
- Arrange chikoos in trays of 10 and note leftover chikoos.
- For example: 25 chikoos = 2 trays and 5 loose chikoos.
- **Objective**: Reinforce the concept of place value with tens and ones.

### 4. Place Value with Blocks and Strips

- **Block Sticks and Ten Strips**:
- Match visuals of blocks to numerical values (e.g., 2 block sticks + 4 blocks = 24).
- Use tables to complete the number of tens and ones.
- **Example**:
- 3 block sticks + 4 blocks = 34

### 5. Let Us Make 100

- **Combinations of 10s**:
- Build 100 using 10 ten-strips.
- Learn different combinations of yellow and red strips to make 100.
- **Practice**:
- Fill in blanks with combinations like 7 yellow strips + 3 red strips = 100.

### 6. Playing with Dice and Cards

- **Game Setup**:
- Roll dice, collect unit objects, and exchange 10 units for a strip.
- Goal: Collect 10 ten-strips to form 100.
- **Use of Cards**:
- Create numbers with tens and ones cards (e.g., T = 3, O = 1 → 31).

### 7. Making Numbers with Cards

- **Hands-On Activity**:
- Children combine cards of 10s and 1s to form two-digit numbers.
- Example: 5 (Tens) + 2 (Ones) = 52

### 8. Regrouping and Comparing

- **Example**:
- 73 = 70 + 3 = 7 tens + 3 ones
- Practice regrouping and compare values like 43 vs. 34.

### 9. More or Less

- **Comparative Thinking**:
- Use terms like more than, less than.
- Examples:
- 67 is less than 76
- 53 is more than 35

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## 10. Flash Card and Number Games

- **Flash Card Game**:
- Use number cards (0-9) to form two-digit numbers with specific conditions:
- Greater than 50
- Less than 30
- Between 47 and 59
- Largest/smallest possible two-digit numbers
- **Swap and Compare**:
- Swap digits to create new numbers and determine which is bigger or smaller.

### 11. Who Am I? (Number Riddles)

- Solve riddles such as:
- I am the largest two-digit number → 99
- I am the smallest two-digit number → 10
- I am the largest number with no repeated digit → 98
- Encourage students to make their own number puzzles.

### 12. Number Order Game

- **Activity**: Mark the path from the largest to the smallest number by stepping through every number at least once.
- **Objective**: Strengthen understanding of increasing and decreasing number order.

### 13. Position and Calendar Activity

- **Boat Race (Vallam Kali)**:
- Identify positions (first, third, etc.) of different colored boats in a race.
- **Calendar Practice**:
- Observe August calendar and answer questions:
- Which day is Onam?
- When is Independence Day?
- On which Wednesday is Raksha Bandhan?

### 14. Numbers in Real Life

- **Discussion Points**:
- Jersey numbers of players
- House numbers, bus/train numbers, roll numbers
- **Fact**:
- Modern number writing (using 0–9) originated in India.

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## New Words and Definitions

| Term | Simple Definition |
|--------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|
| unit | One single item or object |
| ten strip | A strip that represents 10 units joined together |
| block stick | A group of blocks that shows tens and ones |
| regrouping | Breaking or combining numbers into tens and ones |
| place value | Value of each digit in a number based on its position |
| flash card | A card with a number used for games and activities |
| tray | A flat container used to hold fruits like chikoos or oranges |
| more than | Greater in number |
| less than | Smaller in number |
| calendar | A table showing days, weeks, and months |

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## Practice Sums

### 🟢 Easy (3)

1. How many tens and ones in 24?
**Answer**: 2 tens and 4 ones

2. What is 3 trays of 10 oranges each and 2 extra oranges?
**Answer**: 30 + 2 = 32 oranges

3. 43 is more than or less than 34?
**Answer**: More than, because 4 tens > 3 tens

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### 🟡 Medium (2)

4. Regroup 58 into tens and ones.
**Answer**: 5 tens and 8 ones

5. You rolled a die and collected 12 units. How many ten strips can you exchange, and how many units will be left?
**Answer**: 1 ten strip, 2 units left

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### 🔴 Difficult (3)

6. Surbhi made 6 groups with 5 shells each. Her mother made 3 groups with 10 shells each. Who has more shells?
**Answer**: Surbhi: 6×5=30, Mother: 3×10=30 → Both have equal shells

7. Which number is more: 72 or 27? Explain.
**Answer**: 72 is more. It has 7 tens and 2 ones, while 27 has only 2 tens.

8. Fill in the blank: 4 block sticks and 6 blocks = ____
**Answer**: 40 + 6 = 46

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### 🔵 Very Difficult (2)

9. You have 7 yellow ten strips and 3 red ten strips. How many total units?
**Answer**: (7 + 3) × 10 = 100 units

10. Using flash cards, make the largest and smallest two-digit numbers using digits 4 and 9.
**Answer**: Largest: 94, Smallest: 49

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