# Decoration for Celebration

## Overview

This chapter helps students understand the concepts of addition and subtraction through real-life activities like flower decoration, games, and gift shopping. It introduces various methods such as number lines, ginladi (bead line), and blocks to build foundational math skills using tens and ones.

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## Key Topics Covered

### 1. **Addition with Flowers and Garlands**
- Students are introduced to addition using flowers, each garland containing 10 flowers.
- Examples:
- Rohan has 12 flowers and Suwali has 53 flowers. Together they have 65 flowers.
- Students learn to break numbers into tens and ones and add:
`12 + 53 = 65`
- Visual aids used to support understanding with bead-like counting tools.

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### 2. **Adding with Number Strips (Ginladi)**
- Concept of number strips or *ginladi* introduced to represent numbers as beads.
- Exercises:
- `25 + 12 = 37`
- `57 + 34 = 91`
- `24 + 43 = 67`
- Strategies shown:
- Split second number into tens and ones and add step-by-step.
- Use number lines to jump in 10s and then units.

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### 3. **Addition with Blocks (Tens and Ones)**
- Numbers broken down into blocks of tens and ones.
- Examples:
- Mahi has 2 tens 3 ones (23), Isha has 3 tens 8 ones (38), total is 61.
- Focus on regrouping:
- 5 tens + 11 ones becomes 6 tens 1 one after regrouping.

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### 4. **Word Problems on Addition**
- Real-life based questions:
- Rahim made 43 runs and then 58 more: `43 + 58 = 101`.
- Simarpreet had 12 colour pencils, received 36 more: `12 + 36 = 48`.

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### 5. **Subtraction with Objects (Diyas, Flowers)**
- Subtraction shown by removing quantities:
- Made 75 diyas, sold 35 → Left: `75 - 35 = 40`.
- Jyoti has 54 flowers, gave away 28 → `54 - 28 = 26`.

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### 6. **Subtraction on Number Line**
- Students use number line to perform subtraction:
- `19 - 15 = 4` by jumping back 10 then 5.
- Practice questions like:
- `38 − 11 = 27`
- `22 − 22 = 0`
- `14 − 0 = 14`

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### 7. **Play-Based Word Problems**
- Subtraction scenarios through games:
- Aman did 14 skips, needs to complete 20: `20 − 14 = 6`
- Avni did 12 skips: `20 − 12 = 8`

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### 8. **Challenge Word Problems**
- Real-life contextual math:
- Anushka gave away 26 shells from 63 → `63 − 26 = 37`.
- 56 birds increased to 87 → `87 − 56 = 31` birds joined.

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### 9. **Addition and Subtraction Fact Families**
- Understanding relationships between numbers:
- Example:
- 20 + 30 = 50
- 50 − 20 = 30
- 50 − 30 = 20

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### 10. **Gift and Money Calculations**
- Budgeting with gift wrapper and ribbons:
- Total money = `78`
- Cost = `24 + 37 = 61`
- Left = `78 − 61 = 17`

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## New Terms and Simple Definitions

| Term | Definition |
|-------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Ginladi | A string of beads used to count numbers visually |
| Tens | Groups of ten used in place value system (e.g., 40 is 4 tens) |
| Ones | Single units (e.g., 7 means 7 ones) |
| Regrouping | Rearranging numbers when adding or subtracting (e.g., converting 11 ones into 1 ten and 1 one) |
| Number Line | A line marked with numbers used to perform addition or subtraction |

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## Practice Questions

### Easy (3)

1. **12 + 15 = ?**
→ `12 + 15 = 27`
(Add tens and ones: 10 + 10 = 20, 2 + 5 = 7 → 27)

2. **35 − 15 = ?**
→ `35 − 15 = 20`
(Simple backward count or number line)

3. **20 + 0 = ?**
→ `20`
(Adding zero changes nothing)

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### Medium (2)

4. **48 − 26 = ?**
→ `48 − 26 = 22`
(Regroup if needed: 8 − 6 = 2, 4 − 2 = 2)

5. **27 + 34 = ?**
→ `27 + 34 = 61`
(Add 20 + 30 = 50; 7 + 4 = 11; → 50 + 11 = 61)

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### Difficult (3)

6. **65 − 28 = ?**
→ `65 − 28 = 37`
(Regroup tens and subtract)

7. **46 + 39 = ?**
→ `85`
(40 + 30 = 70; 6 + 9 = 15; → 70 + 15 = 85)

8. **73 − 47 = ?**
→ `73 − 47 = 26`
(Borrow 10 from 7 tens to subtract 7 ones)

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### Very Difficult (2)

9. **93 − 48 = ?**
→ `45`
(9 tens 3 ones − 4 tens 8 ones; borrow as needed)

10. **37 + 56 = ?**
→ `93`
(30 + 50 = 80; 7 + 6 = 13 → 80 + 13 = 93)

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