# Chandrayaan

## Overview

The chapter "Chandrayaan" revolves around a curious young girl named Rani who is fascinated by the Moon. Her questions lead to a discovery of India’s space achievements, particularly the Chandrayaan-3 mission. Through a story format, the lesson introduces children to science concepts, encourages curiosity, and includes activities for vocabulary, grammar, and creative expression.

## Key Topics Covered

### 1. Rani’s Curiosity

- Rani, a village girl, asks questions like “Why is the sky blue?” and “Where does the Sun go at night?”
- One night, after hearing her mother sing a lullaby about the Moon, Rani becomes curious: “How far is the Moon?”
- This curiosity sets the stage for a learning journey.

### 2. Discovery of Chandrayaan-3

- The next morning, her brother Pratik shouts with excitement that “India is on the Moon!” after watching TV news.
- Rani sees photos of machines on the Moon and hears people talking about a landing.
- She asks Pratik how Chandrayaan reached the Moon.

### 3. Meeting a Scientist

- Pratik suggests visiting his friend Vivaan’s mother, Nandini Aunty, who is a scientist.
- At her house, Rani sees models and pictures of rockets.

### 4. Learning About Space Travel

- Nandini Aunty explains:
- Rockets are used to travel to the Moon.
- "Chandra" means Moon and "Yaan" means vehicle.
- On July 14, 2023, India became the first country to land on the far side of the Moon.

- Rani becomes even more excited and expresses a wish to visit the Moon. Aunty says, “Maybe, one day.”

## Grammar Focus: A and An

- The lesson explains the use of "a" and "an":
- "a" is used before words that start with a consonant sound.
- "an" is used before words that start with a vowel sound.

#### Example Sentences:
- a dog, a cow, a sparrow
- an eagle, an umbrella, an ice-cream man

### Grammar Practice

- Fill in blanks using "a" or "an".
- Identify correct usage based on sounds of starting letters.

## Vocabulary & Spelling Practice

- Word building with ‘sk’, ‘sw’, ‘sp’, ‘st’
- Words like: swings, stones, spoon, story, skirt

### Creative Writing and Description

- Draw and describe the Moon.
- Practice forming descriptive sentences with the teacher’s help.

## Days of the Week & Ordinals

- Read and recall the days of the week.
- Match each day to its position (e.g., Monday - second, Saturday - seventh).

## Group and Speaking Activities

- Talk about traveling far from home.
- Imagine visiting the Moon—what would you take?

## Projects & Exploration

- Collect newspaper clippings about Chandrayaan-3.
- Share songs or stories about the Moon in your mother tongue.

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## New Words and Their Meanings

| Word | Meaning in Simple English |
|---------------|------------------------------------------------|
| curious | wanting to know or learn things |
| excitement | a feeling of great joy or eagerness |
| machines | things made by people to do work |
| confused | not sure what is happening |
| scientist | a person who studies and learns about science |
| rockets | vehicles that go to space |
| Chandrayaan | India’s space vehicle to the Moon |

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## Practice Questions

### Easy (3)

1. **Who was Rani?**
*A curious girl who lived in a village.*

2. **What did Pratik say in excitement?**
*“India is on the Moon!”*

3. **What do we use to go to the Moon?**
*A rocket.*

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### Medium (2)

4. **What does the word ‘Chandrayaan’ mean?**
*‘Chandra’ means Moon and ‘Yaan’ means vehicle.*

5. **What made Rani interested in the Moon?**
*Her mother’s song “Chanda mama door ke...” made her curious.*

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### Difficult (3)

6. **Describe what Rani saw on the TV.**
*She saw pictures of machines on the Moon and people talking about the landing.*

7. **Who helped Rani understand about Chandrayaan?**
*Nandini Aunty, a scientist.*

8. **Why is it special that India landed on the far side of the Moon?**
*Because India was the first country to do so.*

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### Very Difficult (2)

9. **How does this story encourage children to ask questions?**
*It shows that Rani’s curiosity led her to learn more about space and science.*

10. **What role do scientists like Nandini Aunty play in space missions?**
*They help create and guide missions like Chandrayaan to explore space.*

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