# Basic Motor Movements

## Overview

This chapter introduces students to fundamental motor skills like throwing, catching, kicking, receiving, and striking. It aims to enhance gross and fine motor coordination through structured play-based activities. Students engage in physical tasks using balls, racquets, and other objects of various sizes and textures, building strength, balance, reaction time, and teamwork.

## Key Topics Covered

### 1. Throwing and Catching

- **Throwing**: Use arms, shoulders, torso, and hands. Key steps include gripping the ball, stance, body twist, throwing action, and follow-through.
- **Catching**: Form a cup with palms, bend knees, watch the ball, and softly catch it near eye level or above the head.
- **Overhead Reverse Toss**: Team game with catching and running.
- **Throw It Back**: Involves chest passes with different variations (bounce, overhead) and balance maintenance.
- **Bucket It Up**: Focuses on spatial sense and accuracy using softballs and buckets.
- **Run and Catch**: Movement-based catching activity to build coordination.
- **Coordinate and Conquer**: Three-legged team game with goals and passing.
- **Meethe Angoor**: Catching while jumping to develop lower-body strength and confidence.

### 2. Kicking and Receiving

- **Kicking**: Uses foot to direct the ball. Requires focus, body balance, and correct leg movement.
- **Receiving**: Involves controlling the ball with the foot by anticipating its direction and balancing properly.
- **Dribble and Pass**: Builds dribbling and force control.
- **Drop it to Kick it**: Drop-kick with cloth balls to practice timing and force.
- **Between the Door**: Kick through cones, building focus and accuracy.
- **Kick Through**: Points earned by kicking ball past players, developing anticipation.
- **Zig-zag Kicking**: Fast passing in diagonal order, builds precision and anticipation.
- **Foot Baseball**: Kick-based team sport promoting collaboration and game understanding.

### 3. Striking the Shuttlecock

- **Using a Racquet**: Focus on correct stance, grip, swing, and follow-through.
- **Balloon Race**: Sequential balloon striking game for teamwork and communication.
- **Bowling**: Knock cones using balls; develops wrist and arm control.
- **Tap the Ball**: Bat and ball balance game to improve coordination.
- **Sky Shuttlecock**: Hitting shuttlecock to the wall to improve anticipation.
- **Place the Shuttlecock**: Precision activity using racquets and hoops/buckets.
- **Play it Together**: Partner rally game to build consistency and cooperation.

### 4. Personal Fitness and Goal Setting

- **Little Steps**: Focus on balance, posture, and setting achievable physical goals.
- **Roll Around**: Rolling on mat to build body control and balance.
- **Cross Together**: Hula hoop path-building task to encourage collaboration.
- **Movement Circuit**: Multi-activity track for fitness and coordination.
- **Push Circuit**: Strength-building through wall push, box push, and knee push-ups.
- **Leg Circuit**: Includes squats, jumps, lunges, and calf raises for lower-body strength.
- **Run into Hula Hoops**: Game enhancing auditory response and agility.
- **Balancing on the Line**: Includes walking, jumping, and hopping with body balance.

### 5. Guided Self-Assessment

- Students rate themselves on skills like throwing, catching, kicking, receiving, hitting, jumping, and walking/running.
- Emphasis on self-improvement, observation, and positive behaviour.

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## New Terms

| Term | Simple Definition |
| -------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Gross motor | Movements using large muscles (e.g., jumping, kicking) |
| Fine motor | Movements using small muscles (e.g., writing, gripping) |
| Coordination | Ability to use body parts smoothly and efficiently together |
| Balance | Ability to maintain body stability during movement |
| Follow-through | Continuing the body motion after throwing/kicking/hitting |
| Dribble | Controlled bouncing or movement of a ball with feet or hands |
| Anticipation | Predicting where the ball will go and preparing the body |
| Reaction Time | Time taken to respond to a movement or signal |
| Stance | The way you stand while preparing to move |
| Grip | The way you hold an object like a ball or racquet |

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## Practice Questions

### Easy

1. **What part of your body do you use for kicking a ball?**
**Ans**: Feet.

2. **What is the correct position for catching a ball?**
**Ans**: Knees slightly bent, palms forming a cup, eyes on the ball.

3. **What is meant by dribbling in football?**
**Ans**: Moving the ball using feet in a controlled way.

### Medium

4. **Why is balance important while throwing or catching?**
**Ans**: It prevents wobbling and helps in accurate movements.

5. **Name two games from the chapter that help in building team spirit.**
**Ans**: "Foot Baseball" and "Cross Together".

### Difficult

6. **Explain the importance of follow-through in a throw.**
**Ans**: Follow-through ensures that the ball travels with the correct force and direction.

7. **What is the difference between kicking and receiving a ball?**
**Ans**: Kicking involves directing the ball using feet; receiving means controlling it when it comes to you.

8. **How does “Zig-zag Kicking” improve precision and anticipation?**
**Ans**: It requires fast decision-making and timed passing, improving focus and coordination.

### Very Difficult

9. **How can playing “Sky Shuttlecock” help improve anticipation and reaction time?**
**Ans**: By observing the shuttle’s path and timing your hit, you practice predicting and reacting quickly.

10. **Suggest one modification in the “Throw it Back” activity to make it more challenging and explain why.**
**Ans**: Use a smaller ball to increase difficulty in catching and require more precise focus.

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