Chapter 12: What if it Finishes...?
5th StandardEnvironmental Studies
Chapter Summary
What if it Finishes...? - Chapter Summary
# What if it Finishes...?
## Overview
This chapter explores the importance of fuel and energy resources, especially petroleum and its products. Through a school trip to the Adalaj stepwell, the chapter introduces students to the concept of non-renewable resources, the need to use them judiciously, and the impact of increasing vehicle usage on the environment. It also covers alternative energy options and traditional fuel usage in rural areas, highlighting environmental and health issues.
## Key Topics Covered
### 1. A School Trip and Observations on the Road
* Students travel to the Adalaj stepwell and observe various vehicles on the road.
* They notice noise and air pollution, coughing children, and the smell of smoke.
* Discussion begins about types of vehicles and the fuels they use.
### 2. At the Petrol Pump
* Students stop at a petrol pump and read posters that raise awareness about saving fuel.
* They talk to an employee who explains how petrol and diesel are extracted from the earth, their limited availability, and how they're formed over millions of years.
* The concept of using big machines and refineries to extract and process crude oil is introduced.
### 3. Concerns About Fuel Shortage
* Students discuss the possibility of fuel running out.
* They explore alternative energy sources like CNG, electricity, and solar power.
* Dialogue includes ideas like carpooling and public transport to save fuel.
### 4. Origin and Uses of Petroleum
* Petroleum is a dark, thick liquid obtained through drilling and refining.
* Products from petroleum include: petrol, diesel, kerosene, engine oil, aircraft fuel, LPG, wax, coal tar, grease, plastics, and paints.
* Wasteful practices like keeping machines running unnecessarily are discouraged.
### 5. Fuel Consumption and Price Trends
* A chart shows the changing prices of petrol and diesel over the years (2002–2017).
* Students calculate differences in fuel prices and reflect on increasing costs.
* Discussion on how much fuel is used at home and why prices vary by region.
### 6. Poster Activity and Fuel Awareness
* A poster shows how petroleum products are used in different sectors: transport, lighting, machines, plastic production, etc.
* Promotes the idea of "Save Fuel, Make it a Habit."
### 7. Traditional Fuels and Health Issues
* Durga, a village woman, uses wood for cooking, which creates smoke and causes coughing.
* Most rural homes still depend on wood, cow dung, and dry leaves for fuel.
* Health and environmental issues related to these fuels are discussed.
### 8. Fuel Usage Over Time
* A bar chart compares household fuel usage between 1976 and 1996.
* Shows an increase in LPG and electricity usage, and decrease in wood and coal.
* Encourages students to explore how fuel choices have changed in their families.
### 9. Reflection and Creative Tasks
* Students are encouraged to design eco-friendly vehicles.
* Activities include making posters, writing slogans, and collecting news on fuel use.
---
## New Terms and Simple Definitions
| Term | Definition |
| ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Petrol Pump | A place where petrol or diesel is filled in vehicles |
| Diesel | A type of fuel made from petroleum, used in larger vehicles |
| Petrol | A common fuel used in cars, bikes, scooters |
| Crude Oil | Thick, black liquid found underground, used to make fuels and other things |
| Refinery | A place where crude oil is cleaned and separated into useful products |
| CNG | Compressed Natural Gas, a cleaner fuel for vehicles |
| Solar Energy | Energy from the sun used to run machines or produce electricity |
| LPG | Liquefied Petroleum Gas, used for cooking |
| Uple | Dried cow dung cakes used as fuel in rural areas |
| Chulha | A traditional clay or brick stove used for cooking |
---
## Practice Questions
### Easy (3 Questions)
1. **What is crude oil?**
→ Crude oil is a thick, dark liquid found underground used to make fuels like petrol and diesel.
2. **Name two fuels made from petroleum.**
→ Petrol and diesel.
3. **What fuel does Durga use for cooking?**
→ She uses wood for cooking.
---
### Medium (2 Questions)
4. **Why should we switch off the engine at red lights?**
→ To save fuel and reduce air pollution.
5. **Why can’t we take out oil from the ground ourselves like water?**
→ Because oil is found only in some places and needs big machines and technology to extract and clean.
---
### Difficult (3 Questions)
6. **What problems can increase if more vehicles are used on roads?**
→ Traffic jams, air pollution, noise pollution, and faster fuel consumption.
7. **How is solar energy a good alternative for fuel?**
→ It is free, renewable, does not cause pollution, and will not run out.
8. **What changes did the fuel usage chart from 1976 to 1996 show?**
→ Use of LPG and electricity increased, while use of wood and coal decreased.
---
### Very Difficult (2 Questions)
9. **How do petroleum products affect our environment and health?**
→ Their burning releases smoke and harmful gases that cause pollution and health issues like coughing and breathing problems.
10. **Design a simple vehicle that uses alternative energy. What features will it have?**
→ (Sample Answer) A solar mini-bus that runs on sunlight, has space for old people and children, uses no fuel, and does not release smoke.
---
## Overview
This chapter explores the importance of fuel and energy resources, especially petroleum and its products. Through a school trip to the Adalaj stepwell, the chapter introduces students to the concept of non-renewable resources, the need to use them judiciously, and the impact of increasing vehicle usage on the environment. It also covers alternative energy options and traditional fuel usage in rural areas, highlighting environmental and health issues.
## Key Topics Covered
### 1. A School Trip and Observations on the Road
* Students travel to the Adalaj stepwell and observe various vehicles on the road.
* They notice noise and air pollution, coughing children, and the smell of smoke.
* Discussion begins about types of vehicles and the fuels they use.
### 2. At the Petrol Pump
* Students stop at a petrol pump and read posters that raise awareness about saving fuel.
* They talk to an employee who explains how petrol and diesel are extracted from the earth, their limited availability, and how they're formed over millions of years.
* The concept of using big machines and refineries to extract and process crude oil is introduced.
### 3. Concerns About Fuel Shortage
* Students discuss the possibility of fuel running out.
* They explore alternative energy sources like CNG, electricity, and solar power.
* Dialogue includes ideas like carpooling and public transport to save fuel.
### 4. Origin and Uses of Petroleum
* Petroleum is a dark, thick liquid obtained through drilling and refining.
* Products from petroleum include: petrol, diesel, kerosene, engine oil, aircraft fuel, LPG, wax, coal tar, grease, plastics, and paints.
* Wasteful practices like keeping machines running unnecessarily are discouraged.
### 5. Fuel Consumption and Price Trends
* A chart shows the changing prices of petrol and diesel over the years (2002–2017).
* Students calculate differences in fuel prices and reflect on increasing costs.
* Discussion on how much fuel is used at home and why prices vary by region.
### 6. Poster Activity and Fuel Awareness
* A poster shows how petroleum products are used in different sectors: transport, lighting, machines, plastic production, etc.
* Promotes the idea of "Save Fuel, Make it a Habit."
### 7. Traditional Fuels and Health Issues
* Durga, a village woman, uses wood for cooking, which creates smoke and causes coughing.
* Most rural homes still depend on wood, cow dung, and dry leaves for fuel.
* Health and environmental issues related to these fuels are discussed.
### 8. Fuel Usage Over Time
* A bar chart compares household fuel usage between 1976 and 1996.
* Shows an increase in LPG and electricity usage, and decrease in wood and coal.
* Encourages students to explore how fuel choices have changed in their families.
### 9. Reflection and Creative Tasks
* Students are encouraged to design eco-friendly vehicles.
* Activities include making posters, writing slogans, and collecting news on fuel use.
---
## New Terms and Simple Definitions
| Term | Definition |
| ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Petrol Pump | A place where petrol or diesel is filled in vehicles |
| Diesel | A type of fuel made from petroleum, used in larger vehicles |
| Petrol | A common fuel used in cars, bikes, scooters |
| Crude Oil | Thick, black liquid found underground, used to make fuels and other things |
| Refinery | A place where crude oil is cleaned and separated into useful products |
| CNG | Compressed Natural Gas, a cleaner fuel for vehicles |
| Solar Energy | Energy from the sun used to run machines or produce electricity |
| LPG | Liquefied Petroleum Gas, used for cooking |
| Uple | Dried cow dung cakes used as fuel in rural areas |
| Chulha | A traditional clay or brick stove used for cooking |
---
## Practice Questions
### Easy (3 Questions)
1. **What is crude oil?**
→ Crude oil is a thick, dark liquid found underground used to make fuels like petrol and diesel.
2. **Name two fuels made from petroleum.**
→ Petrol and diesel.
3. **What fuel does Durga use for cooking?**
→ She uses wood for cooking.
---
### Medium (2 Questions)
4. **Why should we switch off the engine at red lights?**
→ To save fuel and reduce air pollution.
5. **Why can’t we take out oil from the ground ourselves like water?**
→ Because oil is found only in some places and needs big machines and technology to extract and clean.
---
### Difficult (3 Questions)
6. **What problems can increase if more vehicles are used on roads?**
→ Traffic jams, air pollution, noise pollution, and faster fuel consumption.
7. **How is solar energy a good alternative for fuel?**
→ It is free, renewable, does not cause pollution, and will not run out.
8. **What changes did the fuel usage chart from 1976 to 1996 show?**
→ Use of LPG and electricity increased, while use of wood and coal decreased.
---
### Very Difficult (2 Questions)
9. **How do petroleum products affect our environment and health?**
→ Their burning releases smoke and harmful gases that cause pollution and health issues like coughing and breathing problems.
10. **Design a simple vehicle that uses alternative energy. What features will it have?**
→ (Sample Answer) A solar mini-bus that runs on sunlight, has space for old people and children, uses no fuel, and does not release smoke.
---
What if it Finishes...?
Overview
This chapter explores the importance of fuel and energy resources, especially petroleum and its products. Through a school trip to the Adalaj stepwell, the chapter introduces students to the concept of non-renewable resources, the need to use them judiciously, and the impact of increasing vehicle usage on the environment. It also covers alternative energy options and traditional fuel usage in rural areas, highlighting environmental and health issues.
Key Topics Covered
1. A School Trip and Observations on the Road
- Students travel to the Adalaj stepwell and observe various vehicles on the road.
- They notice noise and air pollution, coughing children, and the smell of smoke.
- Discussion begins about types of vehicles and the fuels they use.
2. At the Petrol Pump
- Students stop at a petrol pump and read posters that raise awareness about saving fuel.
- They talk to an employee who explains how petrol and diesel are extracted from the earth, their limited availability, and how they're formed over millions of years.
- The concept of using big machines and refineries to extract and process crude oil is introduced.
3. Concerns About Fuel Shortage
- Students discuss the possibility of fuel running out.
- They explore alternative energy sources like CNG, electricity, and solar power.
- Dialogue includes ideas like carpooling and public transport to save fuel.
4. Origin and Uses of Petroleum
- Petroleum is a dark, thick liquid obtained through drilling and refining.
- Products from petroleum include: petrol, diesel, kerosene, engine oil, aircraft fuel, LPG, wax, coal tar, grease, plastics, and paints.
- Wasteful practices like keeping machines running unnecessarily are discouraged.
5. Fuel Consumption and Price Trends
- A chart shows the changing prices of petrol and diesel over the years (2002–2017).
- Students calculate differences in fuel prices and reflect on increasing costs.
- Discussion on how much fuel is used at home and why prices vary by region.
6. Poster Activity and Fuel Awareness
- A poster shows how petroleum products are used in different sectors: transport, lighting, machines, plastic production, etc.
- Promotes the idea of "Save Fuel, Make it a Habit."
7. Traditional Fuels and Health Issues
- Durga, a village woman, uses wood for cooking, which creates smoke and causes coughing.
- Most rural homes still depend on wood, cow dung, and dry leaves for fuel.
- Health and environmental issues related to these fuels are discussed.
8. Fuel Usage Over Time
- A bar chart compares household fuel usage between 1976 and 1996.
- Shows an increase in LPG and electricity usage, and decrease in wood and coal.
- Encourages students to explore how fuel choices have changed in their families.
9. Reflection and Creative Tasks
- Students are encouraged to design eco-friendly vehicles.
- Activities include making posters, writing slogans, and collecting news on fuel use.
New Terms and Simple Definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Petrol Pump | A place where petrol or diesel is filled in vehicles |
| Diesel | A type of fuel made from petroleum, used in larger vehicles |
| Petrol | A common fuel used in cars, bikes, scooters |
| Crude Oil | Thick, black liquid found underground, used to make fuels and other things |
| Refinery | A place where crude oil is cleaned and separated into useful products |
| CNG | Compressed Natural Gas, a cleaner fuel for vehicles |
| Solar Energy | Energy from the sun used to run machines or produce electricity |
| LPG | Liquefied Petroleum Gas, used for cooking |
| Uple | Dried cow dung cakes used as fuel in rural areas |
| Chulha | A traditional clay or brick stove used for cooking |
Practice Questions
Easy (3 Questions)
-
What is crude oil? → Crude oil is a thick, dark liquid found underground used to make fuels like petrol and diesel.
-
Name two fuels made from petroleum. → Petrol and diesel.
-
What fuel does Durga use for cooking? → She uses wood for cooking.
Medium (2 Questions)
-
Why should we switch off the engine at red lights? → To save fuel and reduce air pollution.
-
Why can’t we take out oil from the ground ourselves like water? → Because oil is found only in some places and needs big machines and technology to extract and clean.
Difficult (3 Questions)
-
What problems can increase if more vehicles are used on roads? → Traffic jams, air pollution, noise pollution, and faster fuel consumption.
-
How is solar energy a good alternative for fuel? → It is free, renewable, does not cause pollution, and will not run out.
-
What changes did the fuel usage chart from 1976 to 1996 show? → Use of LPG and electricity increased, while use of wood and coal decreased.
Very Difficult (2 Questions)
-
How do petroleum products affect our environment and health? → Their burning releases smoke and harmful gases that cause pollution and health issues like coughing and breathing problems.
-
Design a simple vehicle that uses alternative energy. What features will it have? → (Sample Answer) A solar mini-bus that runs on sunlight, has space for old people and children, uses no fuel, and does not release smoke.