# त्वम् आपणं गच्छ

## Overview
This lesson introduces students to everyday conversation in Sanskrit through a narrative between Rakesh and his mother about visiting the market. It builds vocabulary for shopping, imperative verb forms (लोट् लकार), and develops comprehension and grammar skills through exercises.

## Key Topics Covered

### 1. संवाद (Conversation)
- **Setting**: Rakesh’s mother sends him to the market with a list of grocery items.
- **Main Characters**: अंबा (mother), राकेशः (Rakesh), and आपणिकः (shopkeeper).
- **Plot Summary**:
- Rakesh is asked to go to the market.
- He takes a list of items (नामावली) and visits the shop.
- He buys grains, pulses, mustard seeds, sugar, jaggery, and chocolate.
- He pays ₹500 and receives ₹10 as balance.
- **Life Skills**: Understanding daily communication and currency handling in Sanskrit.

### 2. Shopping Vocabulary
- **Useful Nouns**:
- वस्तूनि (items)
- नामावली (list)
- आपण (market/shop)
- धनम् (money)
- लेखनी (pen)
- चाकलेहः (chocolate)

- **Groceries Mentioned**:
- मुदुः (green gram)
- शर्करा (sugar)
- गुडः (jaggery)
- सविदलम् (pulses)
- सरिषापः (mustard seeds)

### 3. Grammar Focus: लोट् लकार (Imperative Mood)
- Used to give **commands** or **requests**.
- Examples from the lesson:
- आगच्छ (come)
- गच्छ (go)
- आनय (bring)
- सवीकुरु (accept/take)
- नय (take away)
- यच्छ (give)

### 4. Forms of Verbs in लोट् लकार
| Verb | Meaning | Singular | Dual | Plural |
|------|---------|----------|------|--------|
| पठ् (to read) | Read | पठतु | पठताम् | पठन्तु |
| गच्छ् (to go) | Go | गच्छ | गच्छतम् | गच्छत |
| नय् (to take) | Take | नय | नयतम् | नयत |
| पठ् (1st person) | I read | पठानि | पठाव | पठाम |
| पठ् (2nd person) | You read | पठ | पठतम् | पठत |

### 5. अभ्यासः (Exercises)
- **Verb Conjugation Practice**: Students complete tables for लोट् लकार verb forms.
- **Application in Sentences**: Fill-in-the-blanks using imperative forms.
- **Comprehension**: Students read verses and rewrite them with appropriate verb forms.
- **Classroom Behaviour Practice**: Dialogue about school etiquette and how to respond to the teacher’s instructions using correct Sanskrit expressions.
- **Activity Instructions**: Students follow commands using verbs like शृणुत (listen), उपविशत (sit), पठत (read), etc.

## 6. Classroom Etiquette Activity
- **Phrases Practised**:
- शृणुतु (listen)
- उपविशन्तु (sit)
- अस्मिन पंक्तौ उपविश (sit in this row)
- वदतु (speak)
- पठतु (read)
- पृच्छतु (ask)
- **Usage**: Encourages learners to practice respectful classroom behavior using Sanskrit verbs in लोट् लकार.

## 7. योग्यवाक्यवस्त्राः (Value Education Poem)
- **Theme**: Moral guidance and social responsibility
- **Instructions in Lotive Mood (लोट् लकार)**:
- मा कुरु दर्पं – Don’t be arrogant
- मा भज दुर्वासनाम् – Don’t entertain bad thoughts
- कुरु उपकारं – Do help others
- अपनय भारं – Remove burden
- पालनं कुरु – Protect
- त्यज अपकारं – Give up harming others
- **Objective**: To instill values through imperative forms.

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## New Terms and Their Simple Meanings

| Sanskrit (संस्कृतम्) | English (अर्थः) | Meaning |
|----------------------|------------------|--------|
| आपणम् | Market | A place to buy and sell things |
| नामावली | List | A written set of items |
| वस्तूनि | Goods/Items | Things you buy or carry |
| लेखनी | Pen | Tool for writing |
| चाकलेहः | Chocolate | Sweet edible item |
| मुदुः | Green gram | A type of lentil |
| शर्करा | Sugar | Sweet granules |
| गुडः | Jaggery | Unrefined sugar |
| सविदलम् | Pulses | Split legumes |
| सरिषापः | Mustard seeds | Tiny round seeds used in cooking |
| अवशिष्टिम् | Remaining | Leftover part |
| सवीकुरु | Accept | Take something offered |
| लोट् लकारः | Imperative Mood | A verb form used to give commands |

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## Practice Questions

### Easy (सरलः)
1. चाकलेहस्य संस्कृतपदं किम्?
**उत्तरः**: चाकलेहः

2. ‘Go’ इत्यस्य संस्कृतानुवादः कः?
**उत्तरः**: गच्छ

3. मुदुः इत्यस्य अर्थः कः?
**उत्तरः**: Green gram

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### Medium (मध्यमः)
4. ‘Bring the bag’ इत्यस्य संस्कृतवाक्यं लेखत।
**उत्तरः**: सन्दूकं आनय।

5. लोट् लकारे ‘पठ्’ धातोः बहुवचनरूपं किम्?
**उत्तरः**: पठन्तु

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### Difficult (कठिनः)
6. सविदलम्, गुडः, शर्करा - एतानि किं सूचयन्ति?
**उत्तरः**: एतानि खाद्यवस्तूनि (grocery items) सूचयन्ति।

7. ‘Please sit down’ इत्यस्य संस्कृतवाक्यं किम्?
**उत्तरः**: उपविशतु कृपया।

8. राकेशः एकं चाकलेहं किमर्थं स्वीकरोति?
**उत्तरः**: केवलं अद्य एव स्वीकरोति।

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### Very Difficult (अतिदुर्गम्)
9. लोट् लकारस्य प्रथमपुरुष बहुवचन रूपे द्वे वाक्ये लिखत।
**उत्तरः**:
- छात्राः पुस्तकम् पठन्तु।
- बालकाः सशब्दं वदन्तु।

10. योगवस्त्रे दर्शितं ‘उद्धारं कुरु’ इत्यस्य व्यवहारिकः अर्थः कः?
**उत्तरः**: It means "help or uplift others"—a call to do good in society.

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