Chapter 3: Tie and Dye
7th StandardVocational Education
Chapter Summary
Tie and Dye - Chapter Summary
# Tie and Dye
## Overview
This chapter introduces students to the rich textile tradition of Tie and Dye in India, covering historical and cultural context, techniques like Bandhani, Leheriya, and Shibori, and hands-on steps to create their own dyed fabrics. Students explore pattern design, natural dye preparation, safety procedures, and the process of developing a final usable product.
## Key Topics Covered
### 1. Introduction to Tie and Dye
- **Tie and Dye Tradition**: Practiced in states like Gujarat, Rajasthan, and Tamil Nadu (e.g., Bandhani, Leheriya, Madurai Sungudi).
- **Bandhani**: A resist dyeing method where fabric is tied tightly to prevent dye penetration, forming unique patterns like dots, spirals, and florals.
- **Cultural Significance**: Different Bandhani styles are associated with rituals and communities; each piece is unique due to manual tying.
### 2. Learning Objectives
Students will be able to:
- Prepare natural dyes using common plant-based materials.
- Design and create tie and dye patterns.
- Use different tying techniques to make samples.
- Develop a final product like a dupatta or scarf using tie and dye.
### 3. Tools and Materials
- **Fabric**: Cotton, silk, or wool—preferably old, light-coloured, starch-free.
- **Tying Materials**: White/light threads, rubber bands, stones, seeds.
- **Natural Dye Sources**: Beetroot, turmeric, spinach, blue hibiscus, coffee, marigold, etc.
- **Fixers**: Salt, vinegar, baking soda.
- **Other Tools**: Scissors, burner, containers, tongs, mugs, goggles, aprons, gloves, nakhli ring.
### 4. Safety Measures
- Wear protective gloves, aprons, masks, and goggles.
- Work in ventilated areas.
- Handle sharp tools carefully.
- Dispose of leftover dye safely.
- Use Internet responsibly with adult supervision.
### 5. Tie and Dye Techniques
- **Bandhani**: Uses mustard seeds and thread to form dotted designs. Patterns include Ekdali (single dot), Trikunti (three dots), Satbandi (seven dots).
- **Shibori (Japan)**: Uses running stitches and thread to gather fabric and create patterns.
- **Leheriya**: Folding fabric in pleats and tying to form wave-like designs symbolizing water and greenery.
### 6. Activities and Hands-On Exploration
#### Activity 1: Shop Visit
- Observe various fabric techniques and materials.
- Ask questions to understand tie and dye types and their market relevance.
#### Activity 2: Workshop Visit
- Engage with artisans to understand process and techniques.
- Ask questions on dye temperature, tools, soaking time, etc.
#### Activity 3: Making Samples
- Create five 6x6 inch fabric samples using different fabrics and tying techniques.
- Document challenges and improvements with each sample.
#### Dye Preparation
- Prepare dyes using:
- **Beetroot** for red/pink
- **Turmeric** for yellow
- **Spinach** for green
- **Tea/Coffee** for brown
- **Blue hibiscus** for blue
- Add fixers like salt or vinegar to ensure colour fastness.
- Use methods like passive heating (sunlight) or cold water dyeing with chemicals.
### 7. Dyeing the Samples
- Follow the steps:
1. Soak tied fabric in plain water (20–30 mins).
2. Soak in warm dye solution (20–30 mins).
3. Rinse, dry for a day.
4. Untie and press.
- Record challenges faced and document learnings.
- Use swatch file to preserve samples with detailed notes.
### 8. Final Product Creation
#### Activity 4: Making the Final Product
- Select a usable product: dupatta, scarf, pillow cover, etc.
- Reuse discarded fabric where possible.
- Measure and cut fabric based on design and size charts.
- Design pattern based on nature or personal inspiration (flowers, rivers, windows).
- Choose dye colour and technique (Bandhani, Leheriya, Shibori).
- Use large dye solution (2–3 L for full product).
- Follow full tie-dye process.
#### Documentation
- Record every step: fabric selection, tying, dyeing, untying, and pressing.
- Evaluate if the design came out as expected.
### 9. Costing and Evaluation
#### Activity 5: Estimating Investment
- Use a table to list materials, quantity, and cost.
- Identify what was learned from:
- Family/community stories or memories related to clothing.
- Experts, shopkeepers, artisans.
#### Time Tracker
- Maintain a timeline for all activities completed in the project.
### 10. Ornamentation
- Add creativity by decorating your final product with:
- Lace, buttons, tassels, pom-poms.
- Use embroidery, beads, sequins.
- Record creative additions made to the final product.
---
## New Terms and Definitions
| Term | Definition |
|--------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Bandhani | A tie and dye technique that involves tying fabric and dyeing to form patterns. |
| Resist Dye | A dyeing method where parts of the fabric are tied or covered to resist colour. |
| Leheriya | A Rajasthani technique that forms wave-like patterns through pleated folds. |
| Shibori | A Japanese tie and dye method using stitching and folding to make patterns. |
| Fixer | A substance like salt or vinegar that helps dye set in the fabric. |
| Natural Dye | Colour made from plants, vegetables, fruits, or flowers. |
| Swatch File | A file or folder to keep fabric samples along with details of their preparation.|
| Nakhli | A metal ring tool with blunt edge used by artisans to pick fabric. |
| Passive Heating | Dye preparation method using solar heat over time. |
| Reverse Tie and Dye | A technique where colour is removed using bleach instead of added. |
---
## Practice Questions
### Easy (3)
1. **What does 'Bandhani' mean?**
*It means 'to bind or tie'.*
2. **Name two natural ingredients used for making dyes.**
*Beetroot, turmeric.*
3. **Which states are famous for Bandhani?**
*Rajasthan and Gujarat.*
### Medium (2)
4. **Why is light-coloured fabric used for tie and dye?**
*So that dye colours and patterns are clearly visible.*
5. **List one safety precaution you should take during dyeing.**
*Wear gloves and goggles to protect hands and eyes.*
### Difficult (3)
6. **Explain how the Shibori technique works.**
*Shibori involves stitching running lines, pulling the thread to create folds, tying it tightly, and then dyeing the fabric.*
7. **How does a fixer work in the dyeing process?**
*A fixer like salt or vinegar helps the dye bond to the fabric so it doesn’t bleed or fade.*
8. **What is the importance of unique patterns in Bandhani?**
*Each Bandhani piece is handmade, so every design is unique and reflects the artisan’s creativity.*
### Very Difficult (2)
9. **Compare and contrast Bandhani, Leheriya, and Shibori techniques.**
*Bandhani uses knotting, Leheriya uses pleating, and Shibori uses stitching to resist dye in different patterns. All create unique effects but differ in methods and cultural origin.*
10. **Describe the complete journey of a tie and dye product from raw material to market.**
*Starts with fabric sourcing → design → tying → natural dye preparation → dyeing → drying → untying → final product → decoration → market sale. Involves artisans, dyers, designers, tailors, and sellers.*
---
## Overview
This chapter introduces students to the rich textile tradition of Tie and Dye in India, covering historical and cultural context, techniques like Bandhani, Leheriya, and Shibori, and hands-on steps to create their own dyed fabrics. Students explore pattern design, natural dye preparation, safety procedures, and the process of developing a final usable product.
## Key Topics Covered
### 1. Introduction to Tie and Dye
- **Tie and Dye Tradition**: Practiced in states like Gujarat, Rajasthan, and Tamil Nadu (e.g., Bandhani, Leheriya, Madurai Sungudi).
- **Bandhani**: A resist dyeing method where fabric is tied tightly to prevent dye penetration, forming unique patterns like dots, spirals, and florals.
- **Cultural Significance**: Different Bandhani styles are associated with rituals and communities; each piece is unique due to manual tying.
### 2. Learning Objectives
Students will be able to:
- Prepare natural dyes using common plant-based materials.
- Design and create tie and dye patterns.
- Use different tying techniques to make samples.
- Develop a final product like a dupatta or scarf using tie and dye.
### 3. Tools and Materials
- **Fabric**: Cotton, silk, or wool—preferably old, light-coloured, starch-free.
- **Tying Materials**: White/light threads, rubber bands, stones, seeds.
- **Natural Dye Sources**: Beetroot, turmeric, spinach, blue hibiscus, coffee, marigold, etc.
- **Fixers**: Salt, vinegar, baking soda.
- **Other Tools**: Scissors, burner, containers, tongs, mugs, goggles, aprons, gloves, nakhli ring.
### 4. Safety Measures
- Wear protective gloves, aprons, masks, and goggles.
- Work in ventilated areas.
- Handle sharp tools carefully.
- Dispose of leftover dye safely.
- Use Internet responsibly with adult supervision.
### 5. Tie and Dye Techniques
- **Bandhani**: Uses mustard seeds and thread to form dotted designs. Patterns include Ekdali (single dot), Trikunti (three dots), Satbandi (seven dots).
- **Shibori (Japan)**: Uses running stitches and thread to gather fabric and create patterns.
- **Leheriya**: Folding fabric in pleats and tying to form wave-like designs symbolizing water and greenery.
### 6. Activities and Hands-On Exploration
#### Activity 1: Shop Visit
- Observe various fabric techniques and materials.
- Ask questions to understand tie and dye types and their market relevance.
#### Activity 2: Workshop Visit
- Engage with artisans to understand process and techniques.
- Ask questions on dye temperature, tools, soaking time, etc.
#### Activity 3: Making Samples
- Create five 6x6 inch fabric samples using different fabrics and tying techniques.
- Document challenges and improvements with each sample.
#### Dye Preparation
- Prepare dyes using:
- **Beetroot** for red/pink
- **Turmeric** for yellow
- **Spinach** for green
- **Tea/Coffee** for brown
- **Blue hibiscus** for blue
- Add fixers like salt or vinegar to ensure colour fastness.
- Use methods like passive heating (sunlight) or cold water dyeing with chemicals.
### 7. Dyeing the Samples
- Follow the steps:
1. Soak tied fabric in plain water (20–30 mins).
2. Soak in warm dye solution (20–30 mins).
3. Rinse, dry for a day.
4. Untie and press.
- Record challenges faced and document learnings.
- Use swatch file to preserve samples with detailed notes.
### 8. Final Product Creation
#### Activity 4: Making the Final Product
- Select a usable product: dupatta, scarf, pillow cover, etc.
- Reuse discarded fabric where possible.
- Measure and cut fabric based on design and size charts.
- Design pattern based on nature or personal inspiration (flowers, rivers, windows).
- Choose dye colour and technique (Bandhani, Leheriya, Shibori).
- Use large dye solution (2–3 L for full product).
- Follow full tie-dye process.
#### Documentation
- Record every step: fabric selection, tying, dyeing, untying, and pressing.
- Evaluate if the design came out as expected.
### 9. Costing and Evaluation
#### Activity 5: Estimating Investment
- Use a table to list materials, quantity, and cost.
- Identify what was learned from:
- Family/community stories or memories related to clothing.
- Experts, shopkeepers, artisans.
#### Time Tracker
- Maintain a timeline for all activities completed in the project.
### 10. Ornamentation
- Add creativity by decorating your final product with:
- Lace, buttons, tassels, pom-poms.
- Use embroidery, beads, sequins.
- Record creative additions made to the final product.
---
## New Terms and Definitions
| Term | Definition |
|--------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Bandhani | A tie and dye technique that involves tying fabric and dyeing to form patterns. |
| Resist Dye | A dyeing method where parts of the fabric are tied or covered to resist colour. |
| Leheriya | A Rajasthani technique that forms wave-like patterns through pleated folds. |
| Shibori | A Japanese tie and dye method using stitching and folding to make patterns. |
| Fixer | A substance like salt or vinegar that helps dye set in the fabric. |
| Natural Dye | Colour made from plants, vegetables, fruits, or flowers. |
| Swatch File | A file or folder to keep fabric samples along with details of their preparation.|
| Nakhli | A metal ring tool with blunt edge used by artisans to pick fabric. |
| Passive Heating | Dye preparation method using solar heat over time. |
| Reverse Tie and Dye | A technique where colour is removed using bleach instead of added. |
---
## Practice Questions
### Easy (3)
1. **What does 'Bandhani' mean?**
*It means 'to bind or tie'.*
2. **Name two natural ingredients used for making dyes.**
*Beetroot, turmeric.*
3. **Which states are famous for Bandhani?**
*Rajasthan and Gujarat.*
### Medium (2)
4. **Why is light-coloured fabric used for tie and dye?**
*So that dye colours and patterns are clearly visible.*
5. **List one safety precaution you should take during dyeing.**
*Wear gloves and goggles to protect hands and eyes.*
### Difficult (3)
6. **Explain how the Shibori technique works.**
*Shibori involves stitching running lines, pulling the thread to create folds, tying it tightly, and then dyeing the fabric.*
7. **How does a fixer work in the dyeing process?**
*A fixer like salt or vinegar helps the dye bond to the fabric so it doesn’t bleed or fade.*
8. **What is the importance of unique patterns in Bandhani?**
*Each Bandhani piece is handmade, so every design is unique and reflects the artisan’s creativity.*
### Very Difficult (2)
9. **Compare and contrast Bandhani, Leheriya, and Shibori techniques.**
*Bandhani uses knotting, Leheriya uses pleating, and Shibori uses stitching to resist dye in different patterns. All create unique effects but differ in methods and cultural origin.*
10. **Describe the complete journey of a tie and dye product from raw material to market.**
*Starts with fabric sourcing → design → tying → natural dye preparation → dyeing → drying → untying → final product → decoration → market sale. Involves artisans, dyers, designers, tailors, and sellers.*
---
Tie and Dye
Overview
This chapter introduces students to the rich textile tradition of Tie and Dye in India, covering historical and cultural context, techniques like Bandhani, Leheriya, and Shibori, and hands-on steps to create their own dyed fabrics. Students explore pattern design, natural dye preparation, safety procedures, and the process of developing a final usable product.
Key Topics Covered
1. Introduction to Tie and Dye
- Tie and Dye Tradition: Practiced in states like Gujarat, Rajasthan, and Tamil Nadu (e.g., Bandhani, Leheriya, Madurai Sungudi).
- Bandhani: A resist dyeing method where fabric is tied tightly to prevent dye penetration, forming unique patterns like dots, spirals, and florals.
- Cultural Significance: Different Bandhani styles are associated with rituals and communities; each piece is unique due to manual tying.
2. Learning Objectives
Students will be able to:
- Prepare natural dyes using common plant-based materials.
- Design and create tie and dye patterns.
- Use different tying techniques to make samples.
- Develop a final product like a dupatta or scarf using tie and dye.
3. Tools and Materials
- Fabric: Cotton, silk, or wool—preferably old, light-coloured, starch-free.
- Tying Materials: White/light threads, rubber bands, stones, seeds.
- Natural Dye Sources: Beetroot, turmeric, spinach, blue hibiscus, coffee, marigold, etc.
- Fixers: Salt, vinegar, baking soda.
- Other Tools: Scissors, burner, containers, tongs, mugs, goggles, aprons, gloves, nakhli ring.
4. Safety Measures
- Wear protective gloves, aprons, masks, and goggles.
- Work in ventilated areas.
- Handle sharp tools carefully.
- Dispose of leftover dye safely.
- Use Internet responsibly with adult supervision.
5. Tie and Dye Techniques
- Bandhani: Uses mustard seeds and thread to form dotted designs. Patterns include Ekdali (single dot), Trikunti (three dots), Satbandi (seven dots).
- Shibori (Japan): Uses running stitches and thread to gather fabric and create patterns.
- Leheriya: Folding fabric in pleats and tying to form wave-like designs symbolizing water and greenery.
6. Activities and Hands-On Exploration
Activity 1: Shop Visit
- Observe various fabric techniques and materials.
- Ask questions to understand tie and dye types and their market relevance.
Activity 2: Workshop Visit
- Engage with artisans to understand process and techniques.
- Ask questions on dye temperature, tools, soaking time, etc.
Activity 3: Making Samples
- Create five 6x6 inch fabric samples using different fabrics and tying techniques.
- Document challenges and improvements with each sample.
Dye Preparation
- Prepare dyes using:
- Beetroot for red/pink
- Turmeric for yellow
- Spinach for green
- Tea/Coffee for brown
- Blue hibiscus for blue
- Add fixers like salt or vinegar to ensure colour fastness.
- Use methods like passive heating (sunlight) or cold water dyeing with chemicals.
7. Dyeing the Samples
- Follow the steps:
- Soak tied fabric in plain water (20–30 mins).
- Soak in warm dye solution (20–30 mins).
- Rinse, dry for a day.
- Untie and press.
- Record challenges faced and document learnings.
- Use swatch file to preserve samples with detailed notes.
8. Final Product Creation
Activity 4: Making the Final Product
- Select a usable product: dupatta, scarf, pillow cover, etc.
- Reuse discarded fabric where possible.
- Measure and cut fabric based on design and size charts.
- Design pattern based on nature or personal inspiration (flowers, rivers, windows).
- Choose dye colour and technique (Bandhani, Leheriya, Shibori).
- Use large dye solution (2–3 L for full product).
- Follow full tie-dye process.
Documentation
- Record every step: fabric selection, tying, dyeing, untying, and pressing.
- Evaluate if the design came out as expected.
9. Costing and Evaluation
Activity 5: Estimating Investment
- Use a table to list materials, quantity, and cost.
- Identify what was learned from:
- Family/community stories or memories related to clothing.
- Experts, shopkeepers, artisans.
Time Tracker
- Maintain a timeline for all activities completed in the project.
10. Ornamentation
- Add creativity by decorating your final product with:
- Lace, buttons, tassels, pom-poms.
- Use embroidery, beads, sequins.
- Record creative additions made to the final product.
New Terms and Definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Bandhani | A tie and dye technique that involves tying fabric and dyeing to form patterns. |
| Resist Dye | A dyeing method where parts of the fabric are tied or covered to resist colour. |
| Leheriya | A Rajasthani technique that forms wave-like patterns through pleated folds. |
| Shibori | A Japanese tie and dye method using stitching and folding to make patterns. |
| Fixer | A substance like salt or vinegar that helps dye set in the fabric. |
| Natural Dye | Colour made from plants, vegetables, fruits, or flowers. |
| Swatch File | A file or folder to keep fabric samples along with details of their preparation. |
| Nakhli | A metal ring tool with blunt edge used by artisans to pick fabric. |
| Passive Heating | Dye preparation method using solar heat over time. |
| Reverse Tie and Dye | A technique where colour is removed using bleach instead of added. |
Practice Questions
Easy (3)
-
What does 'Bandhani' mean?
It means 'to bind or tie'. -
Name two natural ingredients used for making dyes.
Beetroot, turmeric. -
Which states are famous for Bandhani?
Rajasthan and Gujarat.
Medium (2)
-
Why is light-coloured fabric used for tie and dye?
So that dye colours and patterns are clearly visible. -
List one safety precaution you should take during dyeing.
Wear gloves and goggles to protect hands and eyes.
Difficult (3)
-
Explain how the Shibori technique works.
Shibori involves stitching running lines, pulling the thread to create folds, tying it tightly, and then dyeing the fabric. -
How does a fixer work in the dyeing process?
A fixer like salt or vinegar helps the dye bond to the fabric so it doesn’t bleed or fade. -
What is the importance of unique patterns in Bandhani?
Each Bandhani piece is handmade, so every design is unique and reflects the artisan’s creativity.
Very Difficult (2)
-
Compare and contrast Bandhani, Leheriya, and Shibori techniques.
Bandhani uses knotting, Leheriya uses pleating, and Shibori uses stitching to resist dye in different patterns. All create unique effects but differ in methods and cultural origin. -
Describe the complete journey of a tie and dye product from raw material to market.
Starts with fabric sourcing → design → tying → natural dye preparation → dyeing → drying → untying → final product → decoration → market sale. Involves artisans, dyers, designers, tailors, and sellers.